Circulation of Avian Influenza H5N1 in Live Bird Markets in Egypt
Circulation of Avian Influenza H5N1 in Live Bird Markets in Egypt
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DOI：
10.1637/9099-100809-resnote.1
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Hafez, M. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abdelwhab, E. M.;Selim, A. A.;Hafez, M. H.
埃及的禽肉贸易主要依赖活禽市场，因为屠宰场不足，缺乏营销基础设施，以及对新鲜屠宰家禽消费的文化偏好。埃及有两种类型的LBM：零售店和传统的LBM，在那里实施最低限度的食品安全标准或兽医检查。在2009年1月之前，在埃及，LBM被认为是禽流感流行病学中缺失的一环。这促使我们启动这项监测，以更好地了解H5N1病毒的持续存在和家禽市场的感染风险。2009年1月至4月，经实时定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)检测的573例LBM中，有71例(12.4%)H5N1亚型呈阳性。其中70.4%的LBM只将水禽作为单独出售的物种，26.8%的LBM将水禽与鸡肉和/或火鸡混合在一起，2.8%的LBM只有火鸡。2月份寒冷月份的LBM阳性发生率较高，为40.8%，主要集中在人口密集的尼罗河三角洲。这些发现显示，H5N1禽流感病毒在埃及的LBM中广泛传播，对公共卫生和家禽业构成威胁。需要采取长期的控制措施，并应常年对禽鸟市场进行例行监测。
The poultry meat trade in Egypt depends mainly on live bird markets (LBMs) because of insufficient slaughterhouses, lack of marketing infrastructure, and cultural preference for consumption of freshly slaughtered poultry. There are two types of LBMs in Egypt: retail shops and traditional LBMs where minimal, if any, food safety standards or veterinary inspection are implemented. Before January 2009, LBMs were considered to be a missing link in the epidemiology of avian influenza in Egypt. This incited us to initiate this surveillance to better understand the perpetuation of H5N1 and the risk of infection in poultry markets. Seventy-one out of 573 (12.4%) examined LBMs were positive for the H5N1 subtype by real-time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) from January to April 2009. Where a 70.4% detection rate from LBMs had waterfowl only as a solitary sold species, a 26.8% detection rate from LBMs had waterfowl mixed with chicken and/or turkey, and 2.8% from LBMs had only turkey. Higher incidence, 40.8%, of positive LBMs was recorded during the cold month of February and concentrated mainly in the highly populated Nile Delta. These findings revealed wide circulation of H5N1 avian influenza virus in LBMs in Egypt, which poses a threat to public health and the poultry industry. Long-term control measures are required, and routine surveillance of bird markets should be conducted year-round.