Impacts of urban decline on local climatology: A comparison of growing and shrinking cities in the post-industrial Rust Belt
Impacts of urban decline on local climatology: A comparison of growing and shrinking cities in the post-industrial Rust Belt
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DOI：
10.3389/fclim.2023.1010849
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Hwang;Alex Eklund;Cecily Valdez;S. Papuga
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Hwang;Alex Eklund;Cecily Valdez;S. Papuga
自20世纪70年代以来，美国后工业锈带地区的底特律等城市一直在经历人口和经济的下降。这些“收缩的城市”的特点是基础设施老化和空置面积增加，可能导致更多的绿色空间。虽然在不断发展的城市中，研究表明，随着城市化程度的提高，气温升高会产生“城市热岛”效应，但人们对城市因城市衰落而缩小的情况如何有所不同知之甚少。我们假设，与城市萎缩相关的变化将对当地气候产生可衡量的影响，这与经历城市化增加的地区不同。在这里，我们提出了我们的历史温度和降水记录（1900-2020年）的分析，从气象站位于多个萎缩的城市从美国锈带地区内，并在该地区内外的增长城市。我们的研究结果表明，虽然气温总体上在上升，但在不断缩小的城市中，气温的上升幅度低于那些继续经历城市增长的城市。我们的分析还表明，萎缩和增长的城市之间的降水趋势存在差异。我们还在这些长期气候变化的背景下强调了密歇根州底特律市最近的气候数据，以支持可能影响或受这些趋势影响的城市规划和管理决策。
Cities such as Detroit, MI in the post-industrial Rust Belt region of the United States, have been experiencing a decline in both population and economy since the 1970's. These “shrinking cities” are characterized by aging infrastructure and increasing vacant areas, potentially resulting in more green space. While in growing cities research has demonstrated an “urban heat island” effect resulting from increased temperatures with increased urbanization, little is known about how this may be different if a city shrinks due to urban decline. We hypothesize that the changes associated with shrinking cities will have a measurable impact on their local climatology that is different than in areas experiencing increased urbanization. Here we present our analysis of historical temperature and precipitation records (1900–2020) from weather stations positioned in multiple shrinking cities from within the Rust Belt region of the United States and in growing cities within and outside of this region. Our results suggest that while temperatures are increasing overall, these increases are lower in shrinking cities than those cities that are continuing to experience urban growth. Our analysis also suggests there are differences in precipitation trends between shrinking and growing cities. We also highlight recent climate data in Detroit, MI in the context of these longer-term changes in climatology to support urban planning and management decisions that may influence or be influenced by these trends.