The Arabidopsis Protein Disulfide Isomerase Subfamily M Isoform, PDI9, Localizes to the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Influences Pollen Viability and Proper Formation of the Pollen Exine During Heat Stress.
The Arabidopsis Protein Disulfide Isomerase Subfamily M Isoform, PDI9, Localizes to the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Influences Pollen Viability and Proper Formation of the Pollen Exine During Heat Stress.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.610052
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Christopher DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feldeverd E;Porter BW;Yuen CYL;Iwai K;Carrillo R;Smith T;Barela C;Wong K;Wang P;Kang BH;Matsumoto K;Christopher DA
植物通过热耐受途径适应高温，其中蛋白质折叠伴侣蛋白的激活是必不可少的。在真核生物中，蛋白质二硫异构酶（pdi）通过催化二硫键的形成和异构化，并作为分子伴侣，在分泌途径中促进新生和错误折叠蛋白质的折叠。在拟南芥中，PDI家族的几个成员在未折叠蛋白反应（UPR）的化学诱变剂的作用下上调，包括非经典PDI- m亚家族的两个成员PDI9和PDI10。经典pdi具有两个催化硫氧还蛋白（TRX）结构域，由两个非催化TRX折叠结构域分开，而PDI-M异构体是哺乳动物P5/PDIA6的同源物，具有两个串联催化结构域。本研究发现，花粉中PDI9的积累在热胁迫下被上调。PDI9和PDI10启动子与gusA基因融合的植物的组织化学染色表明，它们在花的花药中，特别是在花粉和绒毡层中积极表达。免疫电镜显示PDI9定位于根和花粉细胞的内质网。PDI9基因的转移DNA （T-DNA）插入突变破坏了高温胁迫下植物花粉的活力和发育。特别是，pdi9突变体的花粉外壁网状结构被破坏，花粉颗粒的粘附性增加。pdi10单突变体的花粉没有表现出类似的热相关缺陷，但pdi9 pdi10双突变体（DMs）的花粉完全失去了外皮网状结构。有趣的是，PDI9的过表达部分导致了外阴的热相关缺陷。PDI9在花粉耐热性和胞外生物发生中起重要作用。它的作用符合蛋白质静止的机制理论，即在内质网（ER）中，PDI同种异构体的理想平衡是植物在热胁迫下正常外泌形成所必需的。
Plants adapt to heat via thermotolerance pathways in which the activation of protein folding chaperones is essential. In eukaryotes, protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) facilitate the folding of nascent and misfolded proteins in the secretory pathway by catalyzing the formation and isomerization of disulfide bonds and serving as molecular chaperones. In Arabidopsis, several members of the PDI family are upregulated in response to chemical inducers of the unfolded protein response (UPR), including both members of the non-classical PDI-M subfamily, PDI9 and PDI10. Unlike classical PDIs, which have two catalytic thioredoxin (TRX) domains separated by two non-catalytic TRX-fold domains, PDI-M isoforms are orthologs of mammalian P5/PDIA6 and possess two tandem catalytic domains. Here, PDI9 accumulation was found to be upregulated in pollen in response to heat stress. Histochemical staining of plants harboring the PDI9 and PDI10 promoters fused to the gusA gene indicated they were actively expressed in the anthers of flowers, specifically in the pollen and tapetum. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that PDI9 localized to the endoplasmic reticulum in root and pollen cells. transfer DNA (T-DNA) insertional mutations in the PDI9 gene disrupted pollen viability and development in plants exposed to heat stress. In particular, the pollen grains of pdi9 mutants exhibited disruptions in the reticulated pattern of the exine and an increased adhesion of pollen grains. Pollen in the pdi10 single mutant did not display similar heat-associated defects, but pdi9 pdi10 double mutants (DMs) completely lost exine reticulation. Interestingly, overexpression of PDI9 partially led to heat-associated defects in the exine. We conclude that PDI9 plays an important role in pollen thermotolerance and exine biogenesis. Its role fits the mechanistic theory of proteostasis in which an ideal balance of PDI isoforms is required in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for normal exine formation in plants subjected to heat stress.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Cho, Eun Ju;Yuen, Christen Y. L.;Christopher, David A.
通讯作者：
Christopher, David A.
人蛋白二硫化物异构酶基因家族。
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Galligan JJ;Petersen DR
通讯作者：
Petersen DR
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Clough, SJ;Bent, AF
通讯作者：
Bent, AF
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Ariizumi, Tohru;Kawanabe, Takahiro;Toriyama, Kinya
通讯作者：
Toriyama, Kinya
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
DENECKE, J;DERYCKE, R;BOTTERMAN, J
通讯作者：
BOTTERMAN, J