Incorporating sampling bias into permutation tests for niche and distribution models

Incorporating sampling bias into permutation tests for niche and distribution models
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将抽样偏差纳入利基和分布模型的排列测试中

DOI:
10.1101/2022.08.08.503252
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
BioRxiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Evan P. Economo
Evan P. Economo
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dan L. Warren;Jamie M. Kass;Alexandre Casadei-Ferreira;Evan P. Economo

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随机化测试经常与物种生态位和分布模型一起使用,以估计模型的性能,测试假设,并测量方法偏差。其中许多测试涉及建立零模型,该模型代表物种的出现与环境预测因素之间没有关联的假设,然后将经验模型与从这些模型建立的零分布进行比较。这些零点模型通常基于从研究区域以均匀概率随机选择的点。然而,空间抽样偏差是用于建立生态位和分布模型的发生数据的一个几乎普遍的特征,即使在物种出现与环境预测因素无关的情况下,也会导致在不同地区观察到物种的概率不均匀。在随机化测试中未能考虑这种偏差会导致不能准确代表零假设的零分布,从而可能导致不正确的结论。在这项研究中,我们使用模拟来证明,当发生数据中存在空间抽样偏差时,随机测试中的均匀抽样会导致I类错误的不可接受的比率和对方法偏差的错误估计。我们提出了一种新的方法,将偏差估计结合到这些随机化测试的重复模拟中,并表明这种调整可以将I类错误率降低到可接受的水平。
Randomization tests are often used with species niche and distribution models to estimate model performance, test hypotheses, and measure methodological biases. Many of these tests involve building null models representing the hypothesis that there is no association between the species’ occurrences and the environmental predictors, then comparing the empirical model to null distributions built from these models. These null models are commonly based on points randomly selected with a uniform probability from the study area. However, spatial sampling bias, a near-universal feature of the occurrence data used to build niche and distribution models, results in a non-uniform probability of observing species in different areas even when species occurrences are unrelated to environmental predictors. Failing to account for this bias in randomization tests results in null distributions that do not accurately represent the null hypothesis, potentially leading to incorrect conclusions. In this study, we use simulations to demonstrate that uniform sampling in randomization tests can lead to unacceptable rates of type I error and poor estimates of methodological bias when spatial sampling bias is present in the occurrence data. We present a new method that incorporates a bias estimate into replicate simulations for these randomization tests, and show that this adjustment can reduce type I error rates to an acceptable level.
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