Spatial and interannual variation in the faunal distribution at Broken Spur vent field (29 degrees N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
Spatial and interannual variation in the faunal distribution at Broken Spur vent field (29 degrees N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
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DOI：
10.1007/s002270050215
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发表时间：
1997-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
VanDover, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Copley, JTP;Tyler, PA;VanDover, CL
1993年在Break Spur进行的初步生态观察表明，与中大西洋海脊已知的其他深水喷口群落相比，生物量较低。在破碎的支流喷口持续15个月以上的低虾生物量似乎驳斥了这样的假设，即群落正在通过繁殖和迁徙来扩张，以占据在最近的热液平静或灾难期间腾出的栖息地。尽管没有类似于TAG(北纬26度)和Snake Pit(北纬23度)热液堆积的虾群，这是已知的破碎支流大多数喷口结构的一个显著特征，但除了虾之外，其他动物的生物量可能不会显著低于大西洋中部的其他地点。1994年首次在Bogdanov遗址发现了虾群，这表明暴露在热液流动中的底质的可用性，这是喷口结构地形的函数，可能是这些密集聚集体发展的先决条件。从这一假设中得出了两个可检验的预测。首先，在破碎的短支流口场中可能发现的与Bogdanov遗址形态相似的任何其他结构中都应该出现Rimicaris exoculata的密集聚集，而在可能发现的其他孤立的烟囱结构中不应该出现Rimicaris exoculata的密集聚集。其次，“成群”的虾应该出现在任何破碎的支线烟囱上，这些支线烟囱将来会发展成与博格丹诺夫遗址的形态更相似的结构。
Initial ecological observations at Broken Spur in 1993 suggested a low biomass relative to other deep-water vent communities known along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The persistence of a low shrimp biomass over 15 mo at Broken Spur vents appears to refute the hypothesis that the community is expanding through reproduction and immigration to occupy habitat vacated during a recent period of hydrothermal quiescence or catastrophe. Although the absence of ''swarms'' of shrimp similar to those found at the hydrothermal mounds of TAG (26 degrees N) and Snake Pit (23 degrees N) is a visually striking feature of the majority of venting structures known at Broken Spur, the biomass of fauna other than shrimp may not be significantly less than that of other Mid-Atlantic sites. The discovery of ''swarms'' of shrimp at Bogdanov Site, visited for the first time in 1994, suggests that availability of substratum exposed to the flow of hydrothermal fluids, which is a function of the topography of venting structures, may be a prerequisite for the development of these dense aggregations. Two testable predictions arise from this hypothesis. Firstly, dense aggregations of Rimicaris exoculata should occur at any other structures with a morphology similar to Bogdanov Site that may be discovered in the Broken Spur vent field, and should not occur at other isolated chimney structures that may be found. Secondly, ''swarms'' of shrimp should appear at any Broken Spur chimneys that develop into structures with a morphology more similar to that of Bogdanov Site in future.