Dimensions of folk psychiatry
Dimensions of folk psychiatry
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DOI：
10.1037/1089-2680.9.1.35
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Haslam, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haslam, N
本文提出了一个社会认知模式的外行人的思想精神障碍，棍棒“民间精神病学。“作者提出，有4个维度沿着，外行人概念化精神障碍，这些维度有不同的认知基础。病理化是对一种行为或经验的异常或偏差的判断，反映了可用性和模拟性、内在归因和具体化。道德化（moralizing），即个人对自己的反常行为负有道德责任的判断，反映了一种基于日常民间心理学的有意解释形式。医学化代表了异常具有躯体基础的判断，反映了本质主义的思维方式。心理化--将异常归因于心理功能障碍--反映了一种既非本质主义也非有意的唯心主义解释的出现形式。精神病的耻辱和跨文化差异的理解精神领域的影响进行了讨论。
This article presents a social-cognitive model of laypeople's thinking about mental disorder, clubbed "folk psychiatry." The author proposes that there are 4 dimensions along which laypeople conceptualize mental disorders and that these dimensions have distinct cognitive underpinnings. Pathologizing represents the judgment that a form of behavior or experience is abnormal or deviant and reflects availability and simulation heuristics, internal attribution, and reification. Moralizing-the judgment that individuals are morally accountable for their abnormality-reflects a form of intentional explanation grounded in everyday folk psychology. Medicalizing represents the judgment that abnormality has a somatic basis and reflects an essentialist mode of thinking. Psychologizing-ascribing abnormality to psychological dysfunction-reflects an emergent form of mentalistic explanation that is neither essentialist nor intentional. Implications for psychiatric stigma and for cross-cultural variations in understandings of the psychiatric domain are discussed.