Continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production by mesophilic microflora: Principles and progress
Continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production by mesophilic microflora: Principles and progress
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.08.014
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Hawkes, Dennis L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hawkes, Freda R.;Hussy, Ines;Hawkes, Dennis L.
在中温环境下使用混合菌群的连续、暗发酵制氢技术可能适合商业开发。基于天然来源的梭状芽孢杆菌培养已被广泛使用，但需要更多关于接种物热处理的需要和导致发芽和产孢的条件的信息。文献中给出的营养物质的量差别很大。据报道，在pH范围为4.5-6.7的反应器中，氢气的生产不产生甲烷，水力保留时间在几小时到3天之间，具体取决于底物。较高的底物浓度应该更节能，但存在产物抑制的限制，例如对未结合丁酸的抑制。H-2的抑制作用可以通过搅拌、喷射或通过膜萃取来降低。在所研究的反应器类型中，虽然颗粒反应器与可溶性底物的性能最好，但对于颗粒原料，生物膜反应器或连续搅拌槽反应器可能最成功。第二阶段需要利用发酵最终产物，当开发出具有成本效益的反应器时，可能是光发酵或微生物燃料电池技术。厌氧消化是目前可用的技术，据报道，两阶段过程比单独厌氧消化具有更高的转化效率。(c) 2006国际氢能协会。Elsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
Continuous, dark fermentative hydrogen production technology using mixed microflora at mesophilic temperatures may be suitable for commercial development. Clostridial-based cultures from natural sources have been widely used, but more information on the need for heat treatment of inocula and conditions leading to germination and sporulation are required. The amount of nutrients given in the literature vary widely. Hydrogen production is reported to proceed without methane production in the reactor in the pH range 4.5-6.7, with hydraulic retention times optimally between a few hours and 3 days depending on substrate. Higher substrate concentrations should be more energy-efficient but there are product inhibition limitations, for example from unionised butyric acid. Inhibition by H-2 can be reduced by stirring, sparging or extraction through membranes. Of the reactor types investigated, while granules have the best performance with soluble substrate, for particulate feedstock biofilm reactors or continuous stirred tank reactors may be most successful. A second stage is required to utilise the fermentation end products which, when cost-effective reactors are developed, may be photofermentation or microbial fuel cell technologies. Anaerobic digestion is a currently-available technology and the two-stage process is reported to give greater conversion efficiency than anaerobic digestion alone. (c) 2006 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.