WHEN NEGATION IS EASIER THAN AFFIRMATION
WHEN NEGATION IS EASIER THAN AFFIRMATION
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/14640747208400271
复制
发表时间：
1972-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
TRIDGELL, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JOHNSONLAIRD, PN;TRIDGELL, JM
一个实验报告，确定肯定句并不总是比否定句更容易掌握。受试者必须从成对的前提中做出推论，例如：“约翰要么聪明，要么富有。约翰并不富有。当第二个前提是明确否定的时候（就像例子中那样），任务要比当它是肯定的时候（“约翰很穷”）容易得多。当否定句出现在选言前提中并被肯定句否定时（例如：“John is intelligent or he is not rich.”），这是最困难的。约翰很有钱”）。有人认为，这是更简单的建立，两个声明是相互矛盾的，当一个是明确的否定另一个，但自然的功能是否定。
An experiment is reported which establishes that affirmative sentences are not always easier to grasp than negative sentences. The subjects had to make inferences from pairs of premises such as: “Either John is intelligent or he is rich. John is not rich”. The task was reliably easier when the second premise was explicitly negative (as in the example) than when it was an affirmative (“John is poor”). It was most difficult when the negative occurred in the disjunctive premise and was denied by an affirmative (e.g. “John is intelligent or he is not rich. John is rich”). It is argued that it is simpler to establish that two statements are mutually inconsistent when one is the explicit negation of the other, but that the natural function of the negative is to deny.