REBECCA databases: experiences from compilation and analyses of monitoring data from 5,000 lakes in 20 European countries
REBECCA databases: experiences from compilation and analyses of monitoring data from 5,000 lakes in 20 European countries
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REBECCA数据库：20个欧洲国家5000个湖泊监测数据汇编和分析的经验
作者：
S. Moe;B. Dudley;R. Ptáčník
来自 20 个欧洲国家 5,000 多个湖泊的化学和生物数据已被编入欧盟 REBECCA 项目的数据库中。该项目的目的是为欧盟水框架指令（WFD）的实施提供科学支持。该数据库包含浮游植物、大型植物、大型无脊椎动物和鱼类等生物元素，以及相关的化学数据和站点信息。通用数据库策略使项目合作伙伴能够分析化学-生物关系并描述欧洲大地理区域的参考条件。与单国分析相比，这一策略具有明显的好处：结果对于更大的欧洲地区更具代表性，统计功效和精度也更高。一些地区的大量样本也使得能够分析几种湖泊类型的特定类型关系。这些结果对于按照 WFD 的要求对湖泊生态评估系统进行相互校准至关重要。然而，通用数据库方法也涉及成本和限制。数据处理对资源的要求很高，并且对灵活的数据库结构的要求使得项目合作伙伴的用户友好性降低。此外，不同国家的数据集在抽样方法和分类精度方面存在相当大的异质性；这可能会降低数据的可比性并增加结果的不确定性。本文概述了 REBECCA Lakes 数据库的内容和功能，以及我们构建和使用该数据库的经验。最后，我们提出了为未来国际项目编制环境数据的建议。
Chemical and biological data from more than 5,000 lakes in 20 European countries have been compiled into databases within the EU project REBECCA. The project’s purpose was to provide scientific support for implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). The databases contain the biological elements phytoplankton, macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and fish, together with relevant chemistry data and station information. The common database strategy has enabled project partners to perform analyses of chemical–biological relationships and to describe reference conditions for large geographic regions in Europe. This strategy has obvious benefits compared with single-country analyses: results will be more representative for larger European regions, and the statistical power and precision will be larger. The high number of samples within some regions has also enabled analysis of type-specific relationships for several lake types. These results are essential for the intercalibration of ecological assessment systems for lakes, as required by the WFD. However, the common database approach has also involved costs and limitations. The data process has been resource-demanding, and the requirements for a flexible database structure have made it less user-friendly for project partners. Moreover, there are considerable heterogeneities among datasets from different countries regarding sampling methods and taxonomic precision; this may reduce comparability of the data and increase the uncertainty of the results. This article gives an overview of the contents and functions of the REBECCA Lakes databases, and of our experiences from constructing and using the databases. We conclude with recommendations for compilation of environmental data for future international projects.