Violence exposure and the development of school-related functioning: Mental health, neurocognition, and learning
Violence exposure and the development of school-related functioning: Mental health, neurocognition, and learning
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.avb.2011.10.001
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Graham-Bermann, Sandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perkins, Suzanne;Graham-Bermann, Sandra
暴力暴露的历史和学术和心理健康问题的发展之间的关系进行了探讨。暴露于暴力的儿童出现与学校有关的问题的风险增加，包括：心理健康问题，学习障碍，语言障碍和其他神经认知问题。这些问题相互作用，形成了一个复杂的缺陷和残疾网络，难以评估干预接入点。心理健康问题和学术问题往往是并行发展的。暴力暴露的时间和暴露期间儿童的发育阶段使我们对潜在机制的理解复杂化。提出了一个模型，探讨途径联系暴力暴露的学校相关的功能方面，无论是学术和行为。早期生活压力，以暴力暴露的形式，与神经认知缺陷有关，包括执行功能和自我调节问题。行为水平上的自我调节缺陷，以及大脑处理水平上的认知控制和执行功能缺陷，都与学术和心理健康问题有关，这表明了一种可能的心理机制。生物机制也包括在模型中，以说明与暴力暴露相关的压力反应，神经内分泌系统的反应，神经解剖结构和功能障碍的贡献。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The relation between history of violence exposure and the development of academic and mental health problems is explored. Violence exposed children have an increased risk of developing school-related problems including: mental health problems, learning disabilities, language impairments, and other neurocognitive problems. These problems interact to create a complex web of deficits and disabilities where intervention access points are difficult to assess. Often mental health problems and academic problems develop in parallel. Timing of violence exposure and the developmental stage of the child during exposure complicate our understanding of the underlying mechanism. A model is presented that explores pathways linking violence exposure to aspects of school-related functioning, both academically and behaviorally. Early life stress, in the form of violence exposure, is related to neurocognitive deficits, including executive functioning and problems in self-regulation. Deficits in self-regulation at the level of behavior, and cognitive control and executive functioning, at the level of brain processing, are related to both academic and mental health problems, suggesting a possible psychological mechanism. Biological mechanisms are also included in the model to illustrate the contribution of the stress response, neuroendocrine system response, and neuroanatomical structural and functional impairments associated with violence exposure. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.