Renewable energy technology uptake in Kazakhstan: Policy drivers and barriers in a transitional economy
Renewable energy technology uptake in Kazakhstan: Policy drivers and barriers in a transitional economy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.057
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
M. Karatayev;S. Hall;Yelena Kalyuzhnova;M. Clarke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Karatayev;S. Hall;Yelena Kalyuzhnova;M. Clarke
哈萨克斯坦具有相当大的可再生能源潜力，开发可提供重大的环境、经济和社会效益。该国的国家低碳能源战略旨在到2050年将可再生能源在电力生产中的份额提高到50%。尽管可再生能源资源基础可观，部署目标雄心勃勃，但目前非水电可再生能源对最终电力需求的贡献不到1%。在像哈萨克斯坦这样化石燃料资源丰富的国家采用可再生能源技术仍然是一个巨大的挑战，但目前的低油价和经济疲软可能会提供新的机会。部署层次分析法，我们确定了在电力部门的背景下，吸收可再生能源的最重要的障碍。阻碍可再生能源渗透和扩大规模的主要因素包括：支持和促进继续关注化石燃料的政治和监管框架，部分原因是区域地缘政治;对可持续替代能源发电系统缺乏认识，以及最有可能受益于广泛分布的可再生技术的社区的社会贫困和教育水平低下;当前电价驱动的市场条件;效率低下但仍在使用的电力技术;以及高风险的商业环境。按重要性对障碍进行排序将为从业人员和监管机构提供一种机制，以改善哈萨克斯坦和中亚其他资源丰富的转型经济体的政策并激励其采用可再生能源。
Kazakhstan has considerable renewable energy potential, the development of which can provide significant environmental, economic and social benefits. The country's national low carbon energy strategy aims to bring the share of renewables in electricity production to 50% by 2050. Despite the considerable renewable energy resource base, and ambitious deployment targets, the current contribution of non-hydro renewable energy to final electricity demand is less than one percent. Adoption of renewable energy technologies in a fossil fuel resource-rich country like Kazakhstan remains a big challenge but current low oil prices and a weakening economy may offer new opportunities. Deploying an Analytical Hierarchy Process methodology we identify the most significant barriers to uptake of renewable energy in the context of the electricity sector. The main factors preventing the penetration and scale-up of renewables include: a political and regulatory framework which supports and promotes a continued focus on fossil fuels, supported in part by regional geopolitics; a lack of awareness of sustainable alternative energy generation systems and a combination of social poverty and poor education in communities that are most likely to benefit from broadly distributed renewable technologies; market conditions driven by current electricity tariffs; inefficient but incumbent power technologies; and a high-risk business environment. Ranking barriers by importance will provide practitioners and regulators a mechanism to improve policies and incentivize renewable energy uptake in Kazakhstan and other resource-rich transition economies in Central Asia.