The Impact of Alcohol and Social Context on the Startle Eyeblink Reflex
The Impact of Alcohol and Social Context on the Startle Eyeblink Reflex
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.13838
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fairbairn, Catharine E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kang, Dahyeon;Bresin, Konrad;Fairbairn, Catharine E.
研究背景长期以来，研究人员一直试图了解个体在社会环境中对酒精的反应，目的是阐明酒精使用障碍（AUD）的风险途径。但是，结合社会背景的研究仍然远远少于那些研究酒精对单独饮酒的参与者的主观影响的研究。此外，也许是由于在这些环境中捕获自动情感过程的挑战，在社会背景下酒精反应的先前研究主要依赖于自我报告措施，因此对酒精在社会环境中的心理生理学影响知之甚少。摘要本研究以40名饮酒者为研究对象，探讨了酒精和社会环境对惊跳眨眼反射的影响。有一个显着的群体存在的酒精饮料的相互作用，与酒精的影响显着更大的人单独与他人相比。这些影响被发现的惊吓习惯化的数据，并在picture-viewing task.ConclusionsResults的这项研究强调了考虑其他个人的存在，了解酒精反应和机制的AUD风险的重要性。调查结果进行了讨论，在惊吓反射幅度的情绪和认知相关。未来的研究应该在更大的参与者样本中检查这些影响，并进一步探索可能导致这些影响的机制。
BackgroundResearchers have long sought to understand how individuals respond to alcohol in social settings with the aim of elucidating pathways of risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). But studies that incorporate a social context are still outnumbered by those that examine alcohol's subjective effects among participants drinking alcohol in isolation. Further, perhaps due to the challenges of capturing automatic affective processes in these settings, prior studies of alcohol response in social context have relied mainly on self-report measures, and so relatively little is known about alcohol's psychophysiological effects in social settings.MethodsUsing a novel paradigm that integrated alcohol-administration procedures, startle methodology, and social context, this study examined the impact of alcohol and social context on startle eyeblink reflex among 40 social drinkers.ResultsResults indicated that there was a significant effect of group presence, indicating that startle magnitude was larger when people were alone than with others. There was a significant group presence-by-alcoholic beverage interaction, with the effect of alcohol being significantly larger when people were alone versus with others. These effects were found both for the startle habituation data and during the picture-viewing task.ConclusionsResults of this study highlight the importance of considering the presence of other individuals for understanding alcohol response and mechanisms of AUD risk. Findings are discussed in light of both emotional and cognitive correlates of startle reflex magnitude. Future research should examine these effects within larger samples of participants and further explore mechanisms that might underlie these effects.