The Effect of Melatonin on Locomotor Behavior and Muscle Physiology in the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
The Effect of Melatonin on Locomotor Behavior and Muscle Physiology in the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
复制标题
褪黑素对刺参运动行为和肌肉生理的影响
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2019.00221
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发表时间：
2019-03-19
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Brinkman, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ding, Kui;Zhang, Libin;Brinkman, Richard
褪黑激素是一种在进化史上高度保守的激素。它发生在许多生物体中，并在内分泌和免疫系统中发挥作用。运动行为是动物的一种基本行为，是昼夜节律的重要指标，由神经和内分泌系统协调。到目前为止，褪黑激素对运动行为的影响已经在脊椎动物中进行了研究，包括叙利亚仓鼠、麻雀、大鼠、斑马鱼、金鱼和扁形虫。然而，褪黑激素对海洋无脊椎动物运动行为影响的研究很少。本研究的目的是证明褪黑激素在仿刺参中的存在，并评估其对运动活动的影响。此外，采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用技术（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）检测了对照组和褪黑激素处理组海参肌肉组织中代谢活性的变化。褪黑激素存在于A.浓度接近135.0 ng/L。褪黑激素给药后9小时内的总行程和步数随着褪黑激素剂量浓度的增加而减少。平均和最大运动速度、步长和步频也有所下降，但差异无统计学意义。总之，这些结果表明，褪黑激素管理有镇静作用的A。- 是的褪黑激素处理的海参肌肉组织中22种不同代谢物的水平发生了变化。褪黑激素处理后，肌肉组织中5-羟色胺、9-顺式维甲酸、全反式维甲酸、黄素单甘脂表达下调。此外，在褪黑激素处理组的肌肉组织中也检测到高游离脂肪酸（FFA）浓度和5 '-三磷酸腺苷（ATP）浓度的降低。这些结果表明，褪黑激素的镇静作用还涉及其他代谢途径，运动调节因子5-羟色胺的减少、脂肪酸氧化的抑制和氧化磷酸化的紊乱是褪黑激素抑制海参运动的潜在生理机制。
Melatonin is a highly conserved hormone in evolutionary history. It occurs in numerous organisms and plays a role in the endocrine and immune systems. Locomotor behavior is a basic behavior in animals and is an important indicator of circadian rhythms, which are coordinated by the nervous and endocrine systems. To date, the effect of melatonin on locomotor behavior has been studied in vertebrates, including syrian hamsters, sparrows, rats, zebrafish, goldfish, and flatworms. However, there have been few studies of the effects of melatonin on locomotor behavior in marine invertebrates. The goals of present study were to show the existence of melatonin in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and to evaluate its effect on locomotor activity. In addition, muscle tissues from control and melatonin-treated sea cucumbers were tested using ultra performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-offlight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) to determine the changes of metabolic activity in muscle. Melatonin was present in the coelomic fluid of A. japonicus at a concentration of similar to 135.0 ng/L. The total distance traveled and number steps taken over 9 h after melatonin administration decreased with increasing concentration of the melatonin dose. Mean and maximum velocity of movement and stride length and stride frequency also decreased, but their differences were not statistically significant. Overall, these results suggest that melatonin administration had a sedative effect on A. japonicus. The levels of 22 different metabolites were altered in the muscle tissues of melatonin-treated sea cucumbers. Serotonin, 9-cis retinoic acid, all-trans retinoic acid, flavin mononucleotide in muscles were downregulated after melatonin administration. Moreover, a high free fatty acid (FFA) concentration and a decrease in the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) concentration in the muscle tissues of the melatonin-treated group were detected as well. These results suggest that the sedative effect of melatonin involves some other metabolic pathways, and the reduced locomotor modulator- serotonin, inhibited fatty acid oxidation and disturbed oxidative phosphorylation are potential physiological mechanisms that result in the inhibitory effect of melatonin on locomotion in sea cucumbers.