Until death do us part: An analysis of the economic well-being of widows in four countries
Until death do us part: An analysis of the economic well-being of widows in four countries
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/60.5.s238
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Schwarze, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burkhauser, RV;Giles, P;Schwarze, J
目标。我们的目标是展示在美国、德国、英国和加拿大，女性在其丈夫去世后的经济状况如何变化，以及公共和私人收入来源在抵消这种死亡所带来的经济后果方面的重要性。
方法。利用跨国等效文件的数据，我们使用事件史分析来追踪女性的社会保障替代率以及更全面的总收入替代率的变化，并展示这些变化在不同国家内部以及不同国家之间如何因年龄和家庭收入五分位数而有所不同。
结果。各国在特定来源收入的变化方式上存在显著差异，特别是在政府和私人来源收入的组合方面，但总收入替代率的总体跨国模式在规模以及在年龄和女性在其丈夫去世前收入分配中的位置方面的分布都非常相似。
讨论。专注于社会保障替代率的研究将严重低估女性在丈夫去世后的实际总收入替代率。在美国等私人收入来源在收入替代中起更重要作用的国家，情况尤其如此。
Objectives. Our objective was to show how a woman's economic well-being changes in the United States, Germany, Great Britain, and Canada after her husband's death and the importance of public and private income sources in offsetting the economic consequences of that death.Methods. With data from the Cross-National Equivalent File, we used event history analysis to track changes in the social security replacement rate and the more comprehensive total income replacement rate for women and to show how these changes vary across age and household income quintiles within and across countries.Results. There were substantial differences across the countries in how income from specific sources changes, especially with respect to the mix of income from government and private sources, but the overall across-country pattern of total income replacement rates was remarkably similar both in size and in distribution across age and the woman's place in the income distribution prior to her husband's death.Discussion. Studies that focus on a social security replacement rate will seriously understate the actual total income replacement rate of women following a husband's death. This will especially be the case in countries like the United States where private sources of income play a more important role in income replacement.