The role and the mechanism of gamma-aminobutyric acid during central nervous system development.
The role and the mechanism of gamma-aminobutyric acid during central nervous system development.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12264-008-0109-3
复制
发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Xu, En
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ke;Xu, En
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）的一种抑制性神经递质。在中枢神经系统发育过程中，GABA的作用由兴奋性递质转变为抑制性递质，这是由于GABA的释放抑制了突触后神经元的钙内流。这种开关受神经元氯离子浓度的影响。当神经元氯浓度处于高水平时，GABA作为兴奋性神经递质。当神经元氯浓度降低到一定程度时，GABA作为抑制性神经递质。Na+-K+-Cl（-）-Cl（-）协同转运蛋白1（NKCC 1）可增加神经元氯离子浓度，K+-Cl（-）协同转运蛋白2（KCC 2）可降低神经元氯离子浓度。
gamma -aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS). During CNS development, the role of GABA is switched from an excitatory transmitter to an inhibitory transmitter, which is caused by an inhibition of calcium influx into postsynaptic neuron derived from release of GABA. The switch is influenced by the neuronal chloride concentration. When the neuronal chloride concentration is at a high level, GABA acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter. When neuronal chloride concentration decreases to some degree, GABA acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. The neuronal chloride concentration is increased by Na+-K+-Cl(-)-Cl(-) cotransporters 1 (NKCC1), and decreased by K+-Cl(-) cotransporter 2 (KCC2).