Phase Separation and Correlated Motions in Motorized Genome.

Phase Separation and Correlated Motions in Motorized Genome.
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电动基因组中的相分离和相关运动。

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03238
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发表时间:
2022-08-04
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Zhang, Bin
Zhang, Bin
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jiang, Zhongling;Qi, Yifeng;Kamat, Kartik;Zhang, Bin

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人类基因组在细胞核中的排列是非随机的,相分离被认为是基因组组织的重要驱动力。然而,细胞核是一个活跃的系统,非平衡活动对相分离和基因组结构和动力学的贡献仍有待探索。我们使用一个用染色体构象捕获(Hi-C)数据参数化的能量函数来模拟基因组,其中存在打破详细平衡的活跃的非定向力。我们发现,转录和染色质重塑可能产生的激活力可以极大地影响异染色质的空间定位。当作用于常染色质时,主动作用力可以将异染色质驱动到核膜上,并与异染色质之间的被动相互作用竞争,后者往往会将它们拉向相反的方向。此外,主动作用力导致基因组座位之间的远距离空间相关性超出了单染色体区域。我们进一步证明,从定义为涨落耗散比的有效温度可以理解作用力的影响。我们的研究表明,非平衡活动可以显著影响基因组结构和动态,产生意想不到的集体现象。
The human genome is arranged in the cell nucleus non-randomly, and phase separation has been proposed as an important driving force for genome organization. However, the cell nucleus is an active system, and the contribution of non-equilibrium activities to phase separation and genome structure and dynamics remains to be explored. We simulated the genome using an energy function parameterized with chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data with the presence of active, nondirectional forces that break the detailed balance. We found that active forces that may arise from transcription and chromatin remodeling can dramatically impact the spatial localization of heterochromatin. When applied to euchromatin, active forces can drive heterochromatin to the nuclear envelope and compete with passive interactions among heterochromatin that tend to pull them in opposite directions. Furthermore, active forces induce long-range spatial correlations among genomic loci beyond single chromosome territories. We further showed that the impact of active forces could be understood from the effective temperature defined as the fluctuation-dissipation ratio. Our study suggests that non-equilibrium activities can significantly impact genome structure and dynamics, producing unexpected collective phenomena.
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