The effect of known risk factors on the excess mortality of black adults in the United States.
The effect of known risk factors on the excess mortality of black adults in the United States.
复制标题
已知风险因素对美国黑人成年人死亡率过高的影响。
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1990.03440060091038
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Marks
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Otten;S. Teutsch;D. Williamson;J. Marks
我们比较了在国家健康和营养检查调查I流行病学随访研究中黑人和白人成人在调整不同危险因素前后的死亡率比率。对于35岁至54岁的人来说，当同时调整6个确定的危险因素（吸烟、收缩压、胆固醇水平、体重指数、酒精摄入量和糖尿病）时，黑人与白人的死亡率比率从2.3（未调整）下降到1.9，当调整6个危险因素加上家庭收入时，死亡率比率从1.9下降到1.4。因此，大约31%的超额死亡率可由六种确定的风险因素造成，另有38%可由家庭收入造成。剩下的31%无法解释。要实现保健方面的平等主义目标，可能都需要更广泛的社会和卫生系统变革以及针对死亡率差距原因的研究，再加上针对可改变风险因素的更多努力。
We compared the mortality rate ratios, before and after adjustment for different risk factors, of black vs white adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. For persons 35 to 54 years old, the rate ratio of mortality for blacks vs whites decreased from 2.3 (unadjusted) to 1.9 when adjusted simultaneously for six well-established risk factors (smoking, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol level, body-mass index, alcohol intake, and diabetes) and decreased from 1.9 to 1.4 when adjusted for the six risk factors plus family income. Thus, approximately 31% of the excess mortality can be accounted for by six well-established risk factors and a further 38% by family income. This leaves 31% unexplained. Broader social and health system changes and research targeted at the causes of the mortality gap, coupled with increased efforts aimed at modifiable risk factors, may all be needed for egalitarian goals in health to be realized.
黑人和白人之间的健康差异：死亡率和发病率的最新趋势。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
The Milbank quarterly
影响因子：
--
作者：
Manton,KG;Patrick,CH;Johnson,KW
通讯作者：
Johnson,KW