Dopamine-System Genes and Cultural Acquisition: The Norm Sensitivity Hypothesis.
Dopamine-System Genes and Cultural Acquisition: The Norm Sensitivity Hypothesis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.11.006
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Yoon C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kitayama S;King A;Hsu M;Liberzon I;Yoon C
以往的文化心理学研究表明，文化在独立和相互依赖的社会取向上存在差异。然而，到目前为止，人们对如何获得这种全球性的文化行为模式或文化规范知之甚少。也不清楚是什么遗传机制导致了文化规范的获得。在这里，我们借鉴了最近的证据，某些遗传变异的易感性，环境的影响，并提出了一个规范的敏感性假说，认为人们获得文化，和文化行为的规则，通过社交媒介介导的社会学习过程。这一假说的一个推论是，文化习得的程度应该受到多巴胺能神经通路中基因多态性的影响，而多巴胺能神经通路广泛涉及强化学习。我们回顾了这一预测的初步证据，并讨论了未来研究的挑战和方向。
Previous research in cultural psychology shows that cultures vary in the social orientation of independence and interdependence. To date, however, little is known about how people may acquire such global patterns of cultural behavior or cultural norms. Nor is it clear what genetic mechanisms may underlie the acquisition of cultural norms. Here, we draw on recent evidence for certain genetic variability in the susceptibility to environmental influences and propose a norm sensitivity hypothesis, which holds that people acquire culture, and rules of cultural behaviors, through reinforcement-mediated social learning processes. One corollary of the hypothesis is that the degree of cultural acquisition should be influenced by polymorphic variants of genes involved in dopaminergic neural pathways, which have been widely implicated in reinforcement learning. We reviewed initial evidence for this prediction and discussed challenges and directions for future research.