Unraveling Neural Complexity: Exploring Brain Entropy to Yield Mechanistic Insight in Neuromodulation Therapies for Tobacco Use Disorder.
Unraveling Neural Complexity: Exploring Brain Entropy to Yield Mechanistic Insight in Neuromodulation Therapies for Tobacco Use Disorder.
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揭示神经复杂性：探索大脑熵以产生烟草使用障碍神经调节疗法的机制见解。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.09.12.557465
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Petersen,Nicole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jordan,Timothy;Apostol,MichaelR;Nomi,Jason;Petersen,Nicole
神经调节疗法，如重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS），已显示出治疗烟草使用障碍（TUD）的希望。然而，这些疗法的潜在机制尚不清楚，这可能会阻碍优化和个性化的努力。在这项研究中，我们研究了脑熵的改变作为TUD患者非侵入性脑刺激rTMS神经效应的潜在机制。我们采用样本熵（SampEn）来量化静息状态fMRI数据测量的大脑活动的复杂性和可预测性。我们的研究设计包括一项随机单盲研究，42名参与者进行了2次数据收集。在每次实验中，参与者接受对背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）或控制区（视觉皮层）的高频（10赫兹）刺激，并在rTMS前后获得静息状态fMRI扫描。我们的研究结果显示，与之前发表的对照参与者的SampEn测量值相比，吸烟者在整个大脑中表现出更高的基线SampEn。此外，对dlPFC的高频rTMS减少了与TUD有关的脑岛和dlPFC的SampEn，也减少了自我报告的吸烟渴望。这些结果表明，脑熵可能作为rTMS作用的潜在生物标志物，并为rTMS对戒烟作用的神经机制提供了见解。我们的研究通过强调脑熵在描述与吸烟相关的神经活动模式中的相关性，有助于加深对基于脑的干预措施的理解。观察到的dlpfc靶向rTMS后熵的减少提示了这种干预治疗效果的潜在机制。这些发现支持使用神经成像技术来研究神经调节疗法在TUD中的应用。
Neuromodulation therapies, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), have shown promise as treatments for tobacco use disorder (TUD). However, the underlying mechanisms of these therapies remain unclear, which may hamper optimization and personalization efforts. In this study, we investigated alteration of brain entropy as a potential mechanism underlying the neural effects of noninvasive brain stimulation by rTMS in people with TUD. We employed sample entropy (SampEn) to quantify the complexity and predictability of brain activity measured using resting-state fMRI data. Our study design included a randomized single-blind study with 42 participants who underwent 2 data collection sessions. During each session, participants received high-frequency (10 Hz) stimulation to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) or a control region (visual cortex), and resting-state fMRI scans were acquired before and after rTMS. Our findings revealed that individuals who smoke exhibited higher baseline SampEn throughout the brain as compared to previously-published SampEn measurements in control participants. Furthermore, high-frequency rTMS to the dlPFC but not the control region reduced SampEn in the insula and dlPFC, regions implicated in TUD, and also reduced self-reported cigarette craving. These results suggest that brain entropy may serve as a potential biomarker for effects of rTMS, and provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying rTMS effects on smoking cessation. Our study contributes to the growing understanding of brain-based interventions for TUD by highlighting the relevance of brain entropy in characterizing neural activity patterns associated with smoking. The observed reductions in entropy following dlPFC-targeted rTMS suggest a potential mechanism for the therapeutic effects of this intervention. These findings support the use of neuroimaging techniques to investigate the use of neuromodulation therapies for TUD.