Universal mapping probes and the origin of human chromosome 3.
Universal mapping probes and the origin of human chromosome 3.
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通用作图探针和人类 3 号染色体的起源。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.90.2.730
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Levan,KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hino,O;Testa,JR;Buetow,KH;Taguchi,T;Zhou,JY;Bremer,M;Bruzel,A;Yeung,R;Levan,G;Levan,KK
通用作图探针 (UMP) 被定义为人类 DNA 的短片段，可用于多种哺乳动物的物理和遗传作图。最有用的 UMP 包含紧邻高度多态性 CA 重复序列的保守 DNA 序列。保守区域决定了基因的物理位置，而 CA 重复区域则有助于遗传作图。 CA重复序列及其邻近序列在进化中都是高度保守的。这使得可以对整个哺乳动物的 UMP 进行分子、细胞遗传学和遗传图谱分析。 UMP 很重要，因为它们使经过深入研究的物种的遗传信息累积，并且因为它们将这些信息从“地图丰富”的生物体转移到“地图贫乏”的生物体。为了证明 UMP 的实用性，我们构建了人类 3 号染色体 (HSA3) 和大鼠基因组之间的比较图谱。 HSA3 由位于七个不同大鼠染色体上的至少 12 个同线簇定义。这些数据，加上之前人类、小鼠和牛基因组之间的比较图谱信息，使我们能够提出一条独特的进化途径，将 HSA3 与啮齿动物、偶蹄类动物和灵长类动物的染色体连接起来。该模型预测了一个简约的系统发育树，易于测试，并且对于确定哺乳动物进化的途径将具有相当大的用途。
Universal mapping probes (UMPs) are defined as short segments of human DNA that are useful for physical and genetic mapping in a wide variety of mammals. The most useful UMPs contain a conserved DNA sequence immediately adjoined to a highly polymorphic CA repeat. The conserved region determines physical gene location, whereas the CA repeat facilitates genetic mapping. Both the CA repeat and its neighboring sequence are highly conserved in evolution. This permits molecular, cytogenetic, and genetic mapping of UMPs throughout mammalia. UMPs are significant because they make genetic information cumulative among well-studied species and because they transfer such information from "map rich" organisms to those that are "map poor." As a demonstration of the utility of UMPs, comparative maps between human chromosome 3 (HSA3) and the rat genome have been constructed. HSA3 is defined by at least 12 syntenic clusters located on seven different rat chromosomes. These data, together with previous comparative mapping information between human, mouse, and bovine genomes, allow us to propose a distinct evolutionary pathway that connects HSA3 with the chromosomes of rodents, artiodactyls, and primates. The model predicts a parsimonious phylogenetic tree, is readily testable, and will be of considerable use for determining the pathways of mammalian evolution.