Review: Biomaterial systems to resolve brain inflammation after traumatic injury
Review: Biomaterial systems to resolve brain inflammation after traumatic injury
复制标题
DOI：
10.1063/1.5023709
复制
发表时间：
2018-05
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Francesca L. Maclean;M. Horne;Richard J. Williams;D. Nisbet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Francesca L. Maclean;M. Horne;Richard J. Williams;D. Nisbet
中枢神经系统（CNS）内的炎症反应是一个严格调节的级联事件，它是细胞毒性和细胞营养作用的平衡，决定了损伤的结果。这两种影响密不可分，特别是在创伤性脑损伤或中风中，经常观察到永久性功能障碍。慢性脑炎症是再生的关键障碍。这被认为是一种毒性的生长抑制机制;然而，炎症反应也必须被认为是一种可以被利用为保护和修复的机制。重新利用这种复杂的反应是组织工程师面临的挑战：设计治疗方法来修复和再生脑损伤后的受损组织。星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统内重要的细胞，在创伤性脑损伤后起关键作用。全面了解它们的功能-细胞营养和细胞毒性-将使设计的材料和药物输送方法，以改善创伤后损伤的治疗选择。了解、评估和设计与健康神经环境相匹配的生物材料以暂时改变炎症级联反应，代表了优化损伤后修复和再生的有希望的神经组织工程策略。
The inflammatory response within the central nervous system (CNS) is a tightly regulated cascade of events which is a balance of both cytotoxic and cytotrophic effects which determine the outcome of an injury. The two effects are inextricably linked, particularly in traumatic brain injury or stroke, where permanent dysfunction is often observed. Chronic brain inflammation is a key barrier to regeneration. This is considered a toxic, growth inhibitory mechanism; yet, the inflammatory response must also be considered as a mechanism that can be exploited as protective and reparative. Repurposing this complex response is the challenge for tissue engineers: to design treatments to repair and regenerate damaged tissue after brain insult. Astrocytes are important cells within the CNS which play a key role after traumatic brain injury. A comprehensive understanding of their functions—both cytotrophic and cytotoxic—will enable designed materials and drug delivery approaches for improved treatment options post traumatic injury. Understanding, evaluating, and designing biomaterials that match the healthy neural environment to temporally alter the inflammatory cascade represent a promise neural tissue engineering strategy to optimise repair and regeneration after injury.