Land-use change from food to energy: meta-analysis unravels effects of bioenergy on biodiversity and amenity
Land-use change from food to energy: meta-analysis unravels effects of bioenergy on biodiversity and amenity
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DOI：
10.1101/2021.06.16.448590
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Caspar L. Donnison;Robert A. Holland;Z. Harris;F. Eigenbrod;G. Taylor
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文献类型：
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作者：
Caspar L. Donnison;Robert A. Holland;Z. Harris;F. Eigenbrod;G. Taylor
能源系统的大多数脱碳方案需要超过500 Mha的土地转化为非粮食生物能源作物，以提供化石燃料的能源替代品，并通过生物能源与碳捕获和储存（BECCS）实现负排放。了解这一重大土地利用变化（LUC）的环境和社会影响对于确定生物能源作物应在何处以及如何部署以及对环境和社会的权衡和共同利益非常重要。在这里，我们使用两个系统的审查和荟萃分析，以评估现有的文献的影响，可能有一个重要的影响，公众的看法，这种土地利用变化的可接受性：生物多样性和舒适的价值。我们专注于土地利用变化对非粮食生物能源作物对农业景观的影响，在那里可能需要大规模的生物能源种植。我们的荟萃分析发现整体生物多样性的巨大好处（增长75% ± 13%），对鸟类数量特别有利（+81% ± 32%），鸟类物种丰富度（+100% ± 31%），节肢动物丰度（+52% ± 36%），微生物生物量（+77% ± 24%）和植物物种丰富度（+25% ± 22%），当土地从可耕地作物或草地转移到生物能源生产时。从耕地到能源树的转换带来了特别强大的好处，为未来土地利用变化到生物能源作物如何支持生物多样性提供了一个深入的见解。有足够的数据来完成一个荟萃分析的生物能源作物对景观舒适价值的影响，和一些概括性的结论，从系统的文献综述，但是，研究结果突出了景观环境和种植策略在确定舒适价值的重要性。我们的研究结果表明，在农业用地上种植生物能源作物改善了农场规模的生物多样性，但公众对这种土地利用变化的反应也有限，这可能对BECCS有效部署生物能源作物至关重要。
Most decarbonization scenarios of energy systems necessitate more than 500 Mha of land converted to non-food bioenergy crops to provide both energy substitutes for fossil fuels and negative emissions through bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). Understanding the environmental and societal impact of this significant land-use change (LUC) is important in determining where and how bioenergy crops should be deployed, and the trade-offs and co-benefits to the environment and society. Here, we use two systematic reviews and a meta-analysis to assess the existing literature on impacts that are likely to have an important effect on public perceptions of the acceptability of such land use change: biodiversity and amenity value. We focus on the impact of LUC to non-food bioenergy crops on agricultural landscapes, where large-scale bioenergy planting may be required. Our meta-analysis finds strong benefits for biodiversity overall (up 75 % ± 13 %), with particular benefits for bird abundance (+ 81 % ± 32 %), bird species richness (+ 100 % ± 31 %), arthropod abundance (+ 52 % ± 36 %), microbial biomass (+ 77 % ± 24 %), and plant species richness (+ 25 % ± 22 %), when land moves out of either arable crops or grassland to bioenergy production. Conversions from arable land to energy trees led to particularly strong benefits, providing an insight into how future LUC to bioenergy crops could support biodiversity. There were inadequate data to complete a meta-analysis on the effects of bioenergy crops on landscape amenity value, and few generalizable conclusions from a systematic review of the literature, however, findings highlight the importance of landscape context and planting strategies in determining amenity values. Our findings demonstrate improved farm-scale biodiversity on agricultural land with bioenergy crops, but also limited knowledge concerning public response to this land use change which could prove crucial to the effective deployment of bioenergy crops for BECCS.