Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Weight Gain, Caloric Intake, and Meal Timing in Healthy Adults
Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Weight Gain, Caloric Intake, and Meal Timing in Healthy Adults
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DOI：
10.5665/sleep.2792
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Goel, Namni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spaeth, Andrea M.;Dinges, David F.;Goel, Namni
研究目标：检查睡眠限制对体重增加、每日热量摄入和进餐时间的影响。设计：重复测量实验，评估所有受试者 (N = 225) 入院和出院时的体重，以及一部分受试者 (n = 37) 2 个基线夜晚、5 个睡眠限制夜晚和 2 个恢复夜晚后的几天内或控制条件夜晚后的几天内的热量摄入和进餐时间。设置：受控实验室环境。参与者：两名125 名 22-50 岁健康成年人（n = 198 名睡眠受限受试者；n = 31 名有热量摄入数据；n = 27 名对照受试者；n = 6 名有热量摄入数据）。 干预措施：大约 8 比 1 随机分配到实验条件（包括连续 5 个晚上 4 小时卧床 [TIB]/晚，04:00-08:00）或对照条件（全部夜间 10 小时 TIB/晚，22:00-08:00）。测量和结果：睡眠受限的受试者比对照组受试者（0.11 +/- 1.9 kg；d = 0.51，P = 0.007）体重增加更多（0.97 +/- 1.4 kg）。在睡眠受限的受试者中，非洲裔美国人的体重增加量高于白人（d = 0.37，P = 0.003），男性的体重增加量高于女性（d = 0.38，P = 0.004）。睡眠受限的受试者在延迟就寝时间（04:00）的日子里消耗了额外的热量（每日热量需求的 130.0 +/- 43.0%），而对照受试者在相应的日子里没有消耗额外的热量（100.6 +/- 11.4%；d = 0.94，P = 0.003）。在睡眠受限的受试者中，每日热量摄入量增加是由于进餐次数增多以及 22:00-03:59 期间额外消耗了 552.9 +/- 265.8 卡路里。与白天（08:00-14:59, 28.2 +/- 0.05%）和晚上（15:00-21:59, 29.4 +/- 0.06%；Ps < 0.05）相比，深夜时段（22:00-03: 59, 33.0 +/- 0.08%）来自脂肪的卡路里百分比更高。结论：在迄今为止在受控实验室条件下研究的最大、最多样化的健康样本中，睡眠限制促进了体重增加。长期睡眠受限且睡得较晚的成年人可能更容易体重增加，因为他们每天摄入的热量较多，并且在深夜时消耗的热量也较多。
Study Objectives: Examine sleep restriction's effects on weight gain, daily caloric intake, and meal timing.Design: Repeated-measures experiments assessing body weight at admittance and discharge in all subjects (N = 225) and caloric intake and meal timing across days following 2 baseline nights, 5 sleep restriction nights and 2 recovery nights or across days following control condition nights in a subset of subjects (n = 37).Setting: Controlled laboratory environment.Participants: Two hundred twenty-five healthy adults aged 22-50 y (n = 198 sleep-restricted subjects; n = 31 with caloric intake data; n = 27 control subjects; n = 6 with caloric intake data).Interventions: Approximately 8-to-1 randomization to an experimental condition (including five consecutive nights of 4 h time in bed [TIB]/night, 04:00-08:00) or to a control condition (all nights 10 h TIB/night, 22:00-08:00).Measurements and Results: Sleep-restricted subjects gained more weight (0.97 +/- 1.4 kg) than control subjects (0.11 +/- 1.9 kg; d = 0.51, P = 0.007). Among sleep-restricted subjects, African Americans gained more weight than Caucasians (d = 0.37, P = 0.003) and males gained more weight than females (d = 0.38, P = 0.004). Sleep-restricted subjects consumed extra calories (130.0 +/- 43.0% of daily caloric requirement) during days with a delayed bedtime (04: 00) compared with control subjects who did not consume extra calories (100.6 +/- 11.4%; d = 0.94, P = 0.003) during corresponding days. In sleep-restricted subjects, increased daily caloric intake was due to more meals and the consumption of 552.9 +/- 265.8 additional calories between 22:00-03:59. The percentage of calories derived from fat was greater during late-night hours (22:00-03: 59, 33.0 +/- 0.08%) compared to daytime (08:00-14:59, 28.2 +/- 0.05%) and evening hours (15:00-21:59, 29.4 +/- 0.06%; Ps < 0.05).Conclusions: In the largest, most diverse healthy sample studied to date under controlled laboratory conditions, sleep restriction promoted weight gain. Chronically sleep-restricted adults with late bedtimes may be more susceptible to weight gain due to greater daily caloric intake and the consumption of calories during late-night hours.