Cancer statistics, 2005
Cancer statistics, 2005
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DOI：
10.3322/canjclin.55.1.10
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Thun, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jemal, A;Murray, T;Thun, MJ
每年，美国癌症协会估计美国当年预计的新发癌症病例和死亡人数，并根据国家癌症研究所的发病率数据和国家健康统计中心的死亡率数据汇编有关癌症发病率，死亡率和生存率的最新数据。发病率和死亡率按2000年美国标准百万人口年龄标准化。预计2005年美国共有1,372,910例新发癌症病例和570,280例死亡。如果按年龄分列死亡人数，自1999年以来，癌症已超过心脏病，成为85岁以下人群的主要死因。当调整到延迟报告时，男性癌症发病率从1995年到2001年保持稳定，但女性癌症发病率从1987年到2001年继续以每年0.3%的速度增加。自1993年以来，男性所有癌症的死亡率每年下降1.5%，自1992年以来，女性每年下降0.8%。男性三种最常见的癌症部位（肺和支气管、结肠和直肠以及前列腺）以及女性乳腺癌和结肠直肠癌的死亡率也在继续下降。女性肺癌死亡率在上升了几十年后已经趋于平稳。在按种族和民族进行的分析中，非洲裔美国人男性和女性的所有癌症死亡率分别比白色男性和女性高出40%和20%。其他种族和族裔群体的癌症发病率和死亡率低于白人和非洲裔美国人，所有部位和四个主要癌症部位都是如此。然而，这些群体的胃癌、肝癌和宫颈癌的发病率通常高于白人。此外，少数民族人口比白人更有可能被诊断患有晚期疾病。通过将现有的癌症控制知识应用于人口的所有部分，可以加快在减少癌症痛苦和死亡负担方面取得进展。
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,372,910 new cancer cases and 570,280 deaths are expected in the United States in 2005. When deaths are aggregated by age, cancer has surpassed heart disease as the leading cause of death for persons younger than 85 since 1999. When adjusted to delayed reporting, cancer incidence rates stabilized in men from 1995 through 2001 but continued to increase by 0.3% per year from 1987 through 2001 in women. The death rate from all cancers combined has decreased by 1.5% per year since 1993 among men and by 0.8% per year since 1992 among women. The mortality rate has also continued to decrease from the three most common cancer sites in men (lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, and prostate) and from breast and colorectal cancers in women. Lung cancer mortality among women has leveled off after increasing for many decades. In analyses by race and ethnicity, African American men and women have 40% and 20% higher death rates from all cancers combined than White men and women, respectively. Cancer incidence and death rates are lower in other racial and ethnic groups than in Whites and African Americans for all sites combined and for the four major cancer sites. However, these groups generally have higher rates for stomach, liver, and cervical cancers than Whites. Furthermore, minority populations are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease than are Whites. Progress in reducing the burden of suffering and death from cancer can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.