Coal Mine Safety: Do Unions Make a Difference?:
Coal Mine Safety: Do Unions Make a Difference?:
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煤矿安全：工会有影响吗？：
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.1846700
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Alison D. Morantz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alison D. Morantz
尽管美国矿工联合会(UMWA)一直大力倡导矿工的安全，但实证文献中没有证据表明成立工会可以减少1970年代和1980年代的矿工伤亡。作者使用了一种更新的方法和比以往研究更全面的数据集，从1993年到2010年检验了工会与地下烟煤煤矿安全的关系。她发现，加入工会预示着创伤伤害和死亡人数将大幅和统计上显著下降，这是最不容易报告偏见的两项安全措施。这些结果在较大的煤矿中尤为明显。总体而言，加入工会与创伤伤害下降14%至32%，死亡人数下降29%至83%有关。然而，加入工会也预示着总伤害和非创伤性伤害会更高，这表明工会和非工会煤矿的伤害报告做法不同。
Although the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) has always advocated strongly for miners' safety, the empirical literature contains no evidence that unionization reduced mine injuries or fatalities during the 1970s and ′80s. The author uses an updated methodology and a more comprehensive data set than previous studies to examine the relationship between unionization and underground, bituminous coal mine safety from 1993 to 2010. She finds that unionization predicts a substantial and statistically significant decline in traumatic injuries and fatalities, the two safety measures that are the least prone to reporting bias. These results are especially pronounced among larger mines. Overall, unionization is associated with a 14 to 32% drop in traumatic injuries and a 29 to 83% drop in fatalities. Yet unionization also predicts higher total and nontraumatic injuries, suggesting that injury reporting practices differ between union and nonunion mines.