Radioactivity of cigarettes and the importance of 210Po and thorium isotopes for radiation dose assessment due to smoking
Radioactivity of cigarettes and the importance of 210Po and thorium isotopes for radiation dose assessment due to smoking
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.02.015
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Jeran, Zvonka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kubalek, Davor;Sersa, Gregor;Jeran, Zvonka
烟草和烟草烟雾是非常复杂的混合物。除了各种化学和有机化合物外，它们还含有天然放射性元素（放射性核素）。在这项工作中，报告了斯洛文尼亚市场上9种不同香烟样品的天然放射性核素活度浓度（U-234、U-238、Th-228、Th-230、Th-232、Ra-226、Pb-210和Po-210）。除了Po-210，钍同位素从香烟转移到吸烟者的身体和肺部也首次被确定。从志愿吸烟者（C-4品牌）收集吸烟者肺部的香烟烟雾和呼出空气，以确定从烟草转移到吸烟者肺部的Po-210和钍同位素的量。还收集和分析了烟灰和吸烟过滤嘴。在所测定的同位素中，Pb-210和Po-210的放射性浓度最高。在吸一支香烟期间，大约22%的Po-210（和推测其前身Pb-210）、0.6%的Th-228、24%的Th-230和31%的Th-232从香烟转移并保留在吸烟者的体内。吸烟者的估计年有效剂量为Po-210 61 mu Sv/年; Pb-210 9 mu Sv/年; Th-228 6 mu Sv/年; Th-230 47 mu Sv/年; Th-232 37 mu Sv/年。这些结果显示了钍同位素在贡献吸烟的年有效剂量方面的重要性。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Tobacco and tobacco smoke are very complex mixtures. In addition to various chemical and organic compounds they also contain natural radioactive elements (radionuclides). In this work, the natural radionuclide activity concentrations (U-234, U-238, Th-228, Th-230, Th-232, Ra-226, Pb-210 and Po-210) of nine different cigarette samples available on the Slovenian market are reported. In addition to Po-210, the transfer of thorium isotopes from a cigarette to a smoker's body and lungs have been determined for the first time. Cigarette smoke and exhaled air from smokers' lungs were collected from volunteer smokers (C-4 brand) to determinate what quantity of Po-210 and thorium isotopes is transferred from the tobacco to the smoker's lungs. Cigarette ash and smoked filters were also collected and analysed. Among the determined isotopes, Pb-210 and Po-210 showed the highest activity concentrations. During the smoking of one cigarette approximately 22% of Po-210 (and presumably its predecessor Pb-210), 0.6% of Th-228, 24% of Th-230, and 31% of Th-232 are transferred from the cigarette and retained in the smoker's body. The estimated annual effective dose for smokers is 61 mu Sv/year from Po-210; 9 mu Sv/year from Pb-210; 6 mu Sv/year from Th-228; 47 mu Sv/year from Th-230, and 37 mu Sv/year from Th-232. These results show the importance of thorium isotopes in contributing to the annual effective dose for smoking. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.