We are data: algorithms and the making of our digital selves
We are data: algorithms and the making of our digital selves
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我们就是数据：算法和我们数字自我的形成
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
S. Melanson
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作者：
S. Melanson
在历史的早期，人们可能会对一本书中有针对性的无人机袭击、打击乐演奏机器人和情侣交友网站的学术介绍感到惊讶，因为这些都是值得认真考虑的案例研究。然而，在世纪的第二个十年的背景下，我们发现数字化已经将日常生活的平凡琐事以及国家安全的悲惨严重性编织成一个共同的话语网络，渗透到当代生活的各个方面。通过对我们个人数字技术的不懈使用，我们身份的一个维度在这个无处不在的数字网络中形成。事实上，算法已经到来，不管是好是坏，它们都将留下来。在他最近的一本书中，我们是数据：算法和我们的数字自我的形成，约翰·切尼-李波德提出了令人信服的证据，证明我们现在同时居住在自然和人工世界中，我们是谁在两者之间的某个地方进行了谈判。他的书的重点是致力于理解我们的新兴数字身份是如何在一个基于数据的算法调节的环境中定义的。根据他对数据如何定义我们的描述，Cheney-Lippold解释说，我们的元数据，通过算法推导获得，根据公式化参数（以及与管理算法负责获得的数字身份叙述有关），被战略性地吸入“我们是谁”的典型配置文件。他恰当地创造了这些典型化的轮廓“可衡量的类型”，灵感来自马克斯·韦伯和欧文·戈夫曼的“理想类型”概念（切尼-利波尔德，2017年，第51页）。根据韦伯的说法，一个“理想类型”是，
At an earlier point in history, one might have been taken aback by a scholarly presentation of targeted drone strikes, percussion playing robots and couple-making dating sites as case studies for serious consideration within the same book. However, in the context of the second decade of the twenty-first century, we find that digitization has woven the banal trivialities of everyday life as well as the abject severities of state security into a common, discursive web that permeates every facet of contemporary existence. Through the unrelenting use of our personal digital technologies, a dimension of our identity is shaped within this pervasive digital web. Indeed, algorithms have arrived and, for better or worse, they are here to stay. Throughout the length of his most recent book, We are data: Algorithms and the making of our digital selves, John Cheney-Lippold presents compelling evidence that we now simultaneously inhabit both natural and artificial worlds, and that who we are is negotiated somewhere between the two. The focus of his book is dedicated to understanding how our emergent digital identities are defined within an algorithmically moderated environment on data’s terms. According to his account of how data defines us on its terms, Cheney-Lippold explains that our metadata, procured through algorithmic deduction, is strategically siphoned into typified profiles of ‘who we are’ according to formulaic parameters (and in relation to the digital identity narrative that the governing algorithm is tasked to procure). He has aptly coined these typified profiles ‘measurable types,’ inspired by Max Weber and Erving Goffman’s conception of the ‘ideal type’ (Cheney-Lippold, 2017, p. 51). According to Weber, an ‘ideal type’ is,