Solar wind measurements with SOHO: The CELIAS/MTOF proton monitor
Solar wind measurements with SOHO: The CELIAS/MTOF proton monitor
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SOHO 太阳风测量：CELIAS/MTOF 质子监测仪
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Wurz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Ipavich;A. Galvin;S. Lasley;J. Paquette;S. Hefti;K. Reiche;M. Coplan;G. Gloeckler;P. Bochsler;D. Hovestadt;H. Grünwaldt;M. Hilchenbach;F. Gliem;W. I. Axford;H. Balsiger;A. Bürgi;J. Geiss;K. Hsieh;R. Kallenbach;B. Klecker;M. Lee;G. Managadze;E. Marsch;E. Möbius;M. Neugebauer;M. Scholer;M. Verigin;B. Wilken;P. Wurz
质子监测器是SOHO航天器上电荷、元素和同位素分析系统/质量飞行时间（CELIAS/MTOF）实验中的一个小型子传感器，旨在协助解释高质量分辨率主MTOF传感器的测量结果。在本文中，我们表明，质子监测数据可以用来产生合理的准确值的太阳风质子体积速度，密度，热速度，和北/南流向。与风号航天器上的SWE仪器测量的太阳风比较得出的相关系数范围为0.87至0.99。在最初12个月的观测的基础上，我们发现质子动量通量相对于体速度几乎是不变的，证实了先前发表的结果。我们目前的观测两个行星际激波事件，和一个不寻常的太阳风密度耗尽。这种大的密度耗尽，以及相应的太阳风冲压压力的大幅下降，可能是GOES 9航天器在地球同步高度观测到的相对论磁层电子通量几乎同时大幅增加的原因。从OMNIWeb数据集扩展我们的数据集与10年的时间跨度，我们发现大约一个大的密度耗尽每年的平均频率。这些事件的起源尚不清楚;在确定的10起事件中，3起似乎是共转的，至少2起可能与CME有关。SOHO提供的快速、全面的数据覆盖面使人们能够产生接近实时的太阳风参数，这些参数现在可以在万维网上查阅。
The proton monitor, a small subsensor in the Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System/Mass Time-of-Flight (CELIAS/MTOF) experiment on the SOHO spacecraft, was designed to assist in the interpretation of measurements from the high mass resolution main MTOF sensor. In this paper we demonstrate that the proton monitor data may be used to generate reasonably accurate values of the solar wind proton bulk speed, density, thermal speed, and north/south flow direction. Correlation coefficients based on comparison with the solar wind measurements from the SWE instrument on the Wind spacecraft range from 0.87 to 0.99. On the basis of the initial 12 months of observations, we find that the proton momentum flux is almost invariant with respect to the bulk speed, confirming a previously published result. We present observations of two interplanetary shock events, and of an unusual solar wind density depletion. This large density depletion, and the correspondingly large drop in the solar wind ram pressure, may have been the cause of a nearly simultaneous large increase in the flux of relativistic magnetospheric electrons observed at geosynchronous altitudes by the GOES 9 spacecraft. Extending our data set with a 10-year time span from the OMNIWeb data set, we find an average frequency of about one large density depletion per year. The origin of these events is unclear; of the 10 events identified, 3 appear to be corotating and at least 2 are probably CME related. The rapidly available, comprehensive data coverage from SOHO allows the production of near-real time solar wind parameters that are now accessible on the World Wide Web.