Women in wildlife trafficking in Africa: A synthesis of literature
Women in wildlife trafficking in Africa: A synthesis of literature
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01166
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gore, Meredith L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agu, Helen U.;Gore, Meredith L.
野生动物贩运是一个非法行业，估计每年价值50亿至230亿美元;它发生在世界各地120多个国家，涉及多种物种，包括哺乳动物，珊瑚，爬行动物，硬骨鱼和鸟类。在野生动物贩运网络的来源地、过境地和目的地，野生动物贩运危害人类、野生动物和生态系统。非洲国家、其野生动物和人民在所有这些贩运空间中都占有重要地位。在关于非洲野生动物贩运的文献中，很少探讨妇女的作用。妇女约占地球人口的一半，因此有可能成为造成野生动物贩运风险的问题和解决野生动物贩运风险的解决方案的至少一半。非洲妇女在野生动物贩运中的作用大多仍不为人所知，保护科学和政策也未加以解决。我们综合了2010年至2019年期间发表的关于妇女在野生动物贩运中的作用的现有文献，创建了一个新的性别整合概念框架来指导我们的综合。我们的野生动物贩运妇女概念框架包括六个主要角色和31个次要角色。除了使用的概念框架来分析文献中的趋势和差距，我们考虑如何以及在哪里可以保护生物学家，犯罪学家和其他利益相关者的妇女在野生动物贩运的作用主流化。更多地关注妇女在野生动物贩运中的作用并将其纳入主流，可能会使克服打击野生动物贩运挑战的努力受益。这种努力需要有证据作为锚和目标;如果不考虑妇女在野生动物贩运中的作用，这种证据就不可能存在。(C)2020作者（S）由爱思唯尔公司出版
Wildlife trafficking is an illegal industry that some estimate is worth $5-23 billion USD annually; it occurs in over 120 countries around the world and involves multiple taxa of species, including mammals, corals, reptiles, bony fishes and birds. Across source, transit and destination geographies of wildlife trafficking networks, wildlife trafficking harms people, wildlife and ecosystems. African countries, their wildlife and their people feature significantly across all these trafficking spaces. Amongst the corpus of literature on wildlife trafficking in Africa, the role of women is rarely explored. Women comprise approximately half of the earth's population and thus have the potential to be at least half of the problem causing, and solutions resolving, wildlife trafficking risks. The role of African women in wildlife trafficking remains mostly unknown and under addressed by conservation science and policy. We synthesized the existing literature on roles of women in wildlife trafficking published between 2010 and 2019, creating a novel gender-integrated conceptual framework to guide our synthesis. Our conceptual framework for women in wildlife trafficking includes six primary and 31 secondary roles. Beyond using the conceptual framework for profiling trends and gaps in the literature, we consider how and where the roles of women in wildlife trafficking could be mainstreamed by conservation biologists, criminologists and other stakeholders. Efforts to overcome challenges to combatting wildlife trafficking will likely benefit from increased attention to, and mainstreaming of, the role of women in wildlife trafficking. Such efforts will require evidence upon which to anchor and goalposts upon which to aim; without attending to the roles of women in wildlife trafficking, such evidence will not exist for conservation. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.