Spraying houses in the Peruvian Andes with lambda-cyhalothrin protects residents against cutaneous leishmaniasis
Spraying houses in the Peruvian Andes with lambda-cyhalothrin protects residents against cutaneous leishmaniasis
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DOI：
10.1016/s0035-9203(00)90214-1
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Canales, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies, CR;Llanos-Cuentas, EA;Canales, J
在秘鲁安第斯山脉进行了一项家庭病媒控制试验，以测量在墙壁和天花板内喷洒三氟氯氰菊酯对居民患秘鲁利什曼原虫引起的皮肤利什曼病风险的影响。用设置在土坯墙壁上的世卫组织接触生物测定锥测量疣鼻潜蝇的死亡率，表明三氟氯氰菊酯的LD 95约为20 mg/m2，在室内土坯墙壁上喷洒25 mg/m2至少6个月有效性没有降低。从1992/1993年开始，随机选择112所房屋，每隔6个月喷洒一次，平均剂量为34毫克/平方米，留下154所对照房屋（发病率和白蛉数量的干预前测量值非常吻合）。在22个喷洒和21个对照房屋中，使用CDC灯陷阱定期测量长达2年的干预前和干预后白蛉室内丰度的比较表明，喷洒显著降低了Lu的室内丰度。疣状体平均78%，Lu.（Helcotomyia）peruensis的83%。喷洒也与77%的比例显着减少吸血白蛉收集在光陷阱。由于喷洒，在试验期间感染利什曼病的易感户主比例显著减少了54%。当从分析中排除干预后前6个月内检测到的病例时，观察到的喷雾影响最大，为81%（95%置信区间为20-95%），表明存在显著的专利前时期。
household vector control trial was carried our in the Peruvian Andes to measure the effect of spraying inside walls and ceilings with lambda-cyhalothrin on the risk for residents of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania peruviana. The mortality rates of Lutzomyia verrucarum measured with WHO contact bioassay cones set on adobe walls characteristic of the endemic region indicated an LD95 for lambda-cyhalothrin of about 20 mg/m(2), and no reduction in effectiveness for at least 6 months on indoor adobe walls sprayed with 25 mg/m(2). A random selection of 112 houses were sprayed (starting in 1992/93) at 6-monthly intervals with a mean dose of 34 mg/m(2), leaving 154 control houses (with closely matched pre-intervention measurements of incidence and sandfly abundance). Comparisons of pre- and post-intervention sandfly indoor abundance, measured at regular intervals for up to 2 years using CDC light traps, in 22 sprayed and 21 control houses demonstrated that spraying significantly reduced the indoor abundance of Lu. verrucarum by an average of 78% and of Lu. (Helcocyrtomyia) peruensis by 83%. Spraying was also associated with a significant reduction of 77% in the proportion of bloodfed sandflies collected in light traps. The proportion of susceptible householders acquiring leishmaniasis during the trial was significantly reduced by 54% as a result of spraying. The observed impact of spraying was greatest, 81% (95% confidence intervals 20-95%), when the cases detected during the first 6 months after the intervention were excluded from the analysis, suggesting a significant pre-patent period.