Simulation of energetic particle precipitation effects during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter
Simulation of energetic particle precipitation effects during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter
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2003-2004年北极冬季高能粒子降水效应模拟
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Bernath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Randall;V. Harvey;L. Holt;D. Marsh;D. Kinnison;B. Funke;P. Bernath
高能粒子降水（EPP）在2003-2004年北极冬季的生产和随后的运输活性奇氮（NOx = NO + NO2）从中间层和低热层（MLT）进入平流层。这导致2004年4月极地平流层上部的NOx增强，这在卫星记录中是前所未有的。使用指定动力学的全大气社区气候模式（SD-WACCM）模拟的2003-2004年北极冬季与卫星测量进行比较，以评估我们对观测到的氮氧化物增强的理解。比较表明，SD-WACCM清楚地显示了EPP产生的NOx的下降，但低估了至少四倍的增强。与1月和2月NO测量结果的比较表明，SD-WACCM很可能低估了EPP引起的中间层局部NO产生，因为它不包括高能电子的沉淀。与温度测量结果的比较表明，SD-WACCM没有正确地模拟从1月初平流层突然变暖的恢复，导致从MLT到平流层的传输不足。这两个因素可能导致SD-WACCM无法模拟平流层氮氧化物的增加，尽管它们的相对重要性尚不清楚。这项工作强调了考虑沉淀电子的全光谱的重要性，以便充分了解EPP对大气的影响。它还表明，在整个极地冬季MLT期间需要高质量的气象数据和NOx测量。
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter led to the production and subsequent transport of reactive odd nitrogen (NOx = NO + NO2) from the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) into the stratosphere. This caused NOx enhancements in the polar upper stratosphere in April 2004 that were unprecedented in the satellite record. Simulations of the 2003–2004 Arctic winter with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model using Specified Dynamics (SD‐WACCM) are compared to satellite measurements to assess our understanding of the observed NOx enhancements. The comparisons show that SD‐WACCM clearly displays the descent of NOx produced by EPP but underestimates the enhancements by at least a factor of four. Comparisons with NO measurements in January and February indicate that SD‐WACCM most likely underestimates EPP‐induced NO production locally in the mesosphere because it does not include precipitation of high energy electrons. Comparisons with temperature measurements suggest that SD‐WACCM does not properly simulate recovery from a sudden stratospheric warming in early January, resulting in insufficient transport from the MLT into the stratosphere. Both of these factors probably contribute to the inability of SD‐WACCM to simulate the stratospheric NOx enhancements, although their relative importance is unclear. The work highlights the importance of considering the full spectrum of precipitating electrons in order to fully understand the impact of EPP on the atmosphere. It also suggests a need for high‐quality meteorological data and measurements of NOx throughout the polar winter MLT.
重新审视 1978 年至 1979 年北极冬季高能粒子降水的大气影响
影响因子：
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作者：
L. A. Holt;C. E. Randall;V. L. Harvey;E. E. Remsberg;G. P. Stiller;B. Funke;P. F. Bernath;K. A. Walker
通讯作者：
K. A. Walker