Effects of increased temperature on plant communities depend on landscape location and precipitation.
Effects of increased temperature on plant communities depend on landscape location and precipitation.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.3995
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Casper BB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowles J;Boldgiv B;Liancourt P;Petraitis PS;Casper BB
全球气候变化正在影响并将继续影响全世界的生态系统。具体而言，温度和降水量预计都将在全球范围内发生变化，其单独和相互作用的影响可能会对生态系统产生不同的影响，具体取决于当前的温度、降水状况以及其他生物和环境因素。目前还不清楚温度升高对植物群落的影响如何取决于降水量或群落位于土壤水分梯度上的位置。这些知识将在提高我们对未来气候变化在不同系统中的影响的预测能力方面发挥关键作用。为此，我们在蒙古北方草原同一山坡上的两个不同温度、湿度、坡向和植物群落组成的地点进行了多因子全球变化实验。不同地点之间温度和湿度的自然差异是温度和降水实验操作的比较点。我们进行了两个单独的实验，一个是通过两个不同斜坡位置的开顶箱（OTC）检查气候操纵的影响，另一个是在两个位置之一进行的因子OTC浇水实验。通过结合这些实验，我们能够评估OTCs如何影响植物生产力和多样性在自然和操纵范围内的土壤水分。我们发现，变暖的影响是上下文相关的，最大的负面影响，变暖的多样性在温暖，干燥的上坡位置和未浇水的地块。我们的研究是了解全球变化如何影响多个尺度和地点的生态系统的重要一步。
Global climate change is affecting and will continue to affect ecosystems worldwide. Specifically, temperature and precipitation are both expected to shift globally, and their separate and interactive effects will likely affect ecosystems differentially depending on current temperature, precipitation regimes, and other biotic and environmental factors. It is not currently understood how the effects of increasing temperature on plant communities may depend on either precipitation or where communities lie on soil moisture gradients. Such knowledge would play a crucial role in increasing our predictive ability for future effects of climate change in different systems. To this end, we conducted a multi‐factor global change experiment at two locations, differing in temperature, moisture, aspect, and plant community composition, on the same slope in the northern Mongolian steppe. The natural differences in temperature and moisture between locations served as a point of comparison for the experimental manipulations of temperature and precipitation. We conducted two separate experiments, one examining the effect of climate manipulation via open‐top chambers (OTCs) across the two different slope locations, the other a factorial OTC by watering experiment at one of the two locations. By combining these experiments, we were able to assess how OTCs impact plant productivity and diversity across a natural and manipulated range of soil moisture. We found that warming effects were context dependent, with the greatest negative impacts of warming on diversity in the warmer, drier upper slope location and in the unwatered plots. Our study is an important step in understanding how global change will affect ecosystems across multiple scales and locations.
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