Exercise offers anxiolytic potential: a role for stress and brain noradrenergic-galaninergic mechanisms.
Exercise offers anxiolytic potential: a role for stress and brain noradrenergic-galaninergic mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.06.005
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Holmes PV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sciolino NR;Holmes PV
尽管体育活动可以减少人类的焦虑，但这种反应的神经基础尚不清楚。啮齿动物模型对于理解运动益处背后的机制是必不可少的。然而，运动是否在啮齿动物身上发挥了类焦虑的潜力还存在争议。轮子跑是啮齿动物的一种实验运动方式，它对焦虑测试中的行为以及调节压力的神经回路中的去甲肾上腺素和甘丙素系统的影响进行了评估。在这篇文献中，压力被认为是混合行为发现的原因。事实上，跑步促进了对压力的适应性反应，并以一种依赖于压力的方式改变了类似焦虑的行为。Run增强去甲肾上腺素能蓝斑(LC)甘丙素的表达，抑制应激诱导的LC活动和LC靶区去甲肾上腺素的输出。因此，目前的文献支持增强甘丙素介导的对跑步者大脑去甲肾上腺素的抑制，认为这是一种可能有助于运动的压力保护效应的机制。这些数据支持利用啮齿动物来研究运动对情绪和神经生物学的影响。
Although physical activity reduces anxiety in humans, the neural basis for this response is unclear. Rodent models are essential to understand the mechanisms that underlie the benefits of exercise. However, it is controversial whether exercise exerts anxiolytic-like potential in rodents. Evidence is reviewed to evaluate the effects of wheel running, an experimental mode of exercise in rodents, on behavior in tests of anxiety and on norepinephrine and galanin systems in neural circuits that regulate stress. Stress is proposed to account for mixed behavioral findings in this literature. Indeed, running promotes an adaptive response to stress and alters anxiety-like behaviors in a manner dependent on stress. Running amplifies galanin expression in noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) and suppresses stress-induced activity of the LC and norepinephrine output in LC-target regions. Thus, enhanced galanin-mediated suppression of brain norepinephrine in runners is supported by current literature as a mechanism that may contribute to the stress-protective effects of exercise. These data support the use of rodents to study the emotional and neurobiological consequences of exercise.