Uranium Adsorbent Fibers Prepared by Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) from Poly(vinyl chloride)-co-chlorinated Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-co-CPVC) Fiber
Uranium Adsorbent Fibers Prepared by Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) from Poly(vinyl chloride)-co-chlorinated Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-co-CPVC) Fiber
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03355
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发表时间：
2016-04-20
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Dai, Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Suree;Yue, Yanfeng;Dai, Sheng
确保未来能源供应的需要吸引了几个国家的研究人员研究一个巨大的核能燃料资源：海水中的铀（估计海水中有45亿吨）。在这项研究中，我们开发了有效的吸附纤维回收铀从海水中通过原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）从聚（氯乙烯）-共氯化聚（氯乙烯）（PVC-co-CPVC）纤维。采用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）技术，在PVC-co-CPVC纤维表面接枝丙烯腈（AN）和丙烯酸叔丁酯（tBA），作为与铀相互作用的官能团的前体。系统地改变[tBA]/[AN]，以确定亲水基团（来自tBA）和铀酰结合配体（来自AN）之间的最佳比例。性能最好的吸附纤维，即具有最佳[tBA]/[AN]比率和高接枝度（1390%）的吸附纤维，在天然海水测试中，证明了铀吸附能力明显大于日本原子能机构（JAEA）的参考纤维（海水暴露42天为2.42-3.24 g/kg，海水暴露49天为5.22 g/kg，而JAEA海水暴露42天为1.66 g/kg，海水暴露49天为1.71 g/kg）。研究了海水中其它金属离子的吸附动力学。利用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）这一多功能技术，从海水中回收铀的替代单体的接枝正在开发中。
The need to secure future supplies of energy attracts researchers in several countries to a vast resource of nuclear energy fuel: uranium in seawater (estimated at 4.5 billion tons in seawater). In this study, we developed effective adsorbent fibers for the recovery of uranium from seawater via atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from a poly (vinyl chloride)-co-chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-co-CPVC) fiber. ATRP was employed in the surface graft polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and tert-butyl acrylate (tBA), precursors for uranium-interacting functional groups, from PVC-co-CPVC fiber. The [tBA]/[AN] was systematically varied to identify the optimal ratio between hydrophilic groups (from tBA) and uranyl-binding ligands (from AN). The best performing adsorbent fiber, the one with the optimal [tBA]/[AN] ratio and a high degree of grafting (1390%), demonstrated uranium adsorption capacities that are significantly greater than those of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) reference fiber in natural seawater tests (2.42-3.24 g/kg in 42 days of seawater exposure and 5.22 g/kg in 49 days of seawater exposure, versus 1.66 g/kg in 42 days of seawater exposure and 1.71 g/kg in 49 days of seawater exposure for JAEA). Adsorption of other metal ions from seawater and their corresponding kinetics were also studied. The grafting of alternative monomers for the recovery of uranium from seawater is now under development by this versatile technique of ATRP.