Clinical Characteristics of Measles in Previously Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in California
Clinical Characteristics of Measles in Previously Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in California
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciy286
复制
发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Zahn, Matt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherry, James D.;Zahn, Matt
背景。麻疹疫苗失效现象于 1972 年首次被描述。在接下来的 20 年里，人们对疫苗失效现象进行了广泛的研究，但在过去 25 年中却很少进行调查。我们描述了加利福尼亚州先前接种过疫苗和未接种疫苗的患者的麻疹临床特征。方法。 2000年1月1日至2015年12月31日期间向加州公共卫生部报告的所有麻疹确诊病例均经过审查。比较之前未接种疫苗、接种过 1 剂疫苗的人员以及接种过 2 剂以上麻疹疫苗的人员的临床特征（住院率、咳嗽、鼻炎、结膜炎和发烧发生率）。结果。有232例麻疹确诊病例已核实疫苗接种情况； 80% 未接种疫苗，9% 接种过 1 剂麻疹疫苗，11% 接种过 2 剂以上麻疹疫苗。接种≥2剂麻疹疫苗的受试者比接种1剂麻疹疫苗或未免疫的受试者住院、咳嗽、鼻炎、结膜炎和发烧的发生率较低。结论。疫苗失败的麻疹病例比未接种疫苗的患者病情轻。尽管如此，这些病例仍然需要与未接种疫苗的病例相同的公共卫生努力来追踪接触者。
Background. Measles vaccine failure was first described in 1972. Over the next 20 years, vaccine failure was extensively studied, but during the last 25 years few investigations have been performed. We describe the clinical characteristics of measles in previously vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in California.Methods. All confirmed measles cases reported to the California Department of Public Health from 1 January 2000 through 31 December 2015 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics (rates of hospitalization, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and fever) were compared between the previously unvaccinated, those who had had 1 dose of vaccine, and those who had had >= 2 doses of measles vaccine.Results. There were 232 confirmed measles cases in whom vaccination status was verified; 80% were unvaccinated, 9% had had 1 dose of measles vaccine, and 11% had had >= 2 doses of measles vaccine. Subjects who had had >= 2 doses of measles vaccine had lower rates of hospitalization, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and fever than subjects who had 1 dose of measles vaccine or who were unimmunized.Conclusions. Vaccine failure measles cases were less ill than cases that occurred in unvaccinated patients. Nevertheless, these cases still required the same amount of public health effort in tracing contacts as in cases who were unvaccinated.