Combination toxicology of metal-enriched soils:: physiological responses of a Zn- and Cd-resistant ecotype of Silene vulgaris on polymetallic soils
Combination toxicology of metal-enriched soils:: physiological responses of a Zn- and Cd-resistant ecotype of Silene vulgaris on polymetallic soils
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0098-8472(99)00048-9
复制
发表时间：
2000-02-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Ten Bookum, WM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ernst, WHO;Nelissen, HJM;Ten Bookum, WM
从比利时Plombiere的Cd-Pbb-Zn矿上种植了一种生态型石竹科石竹属植物，在15种多金属土壤上进行了整个生活史的研究，以了解植物的生理反应，以帮助解释以前报道的植物病害。幼苗体内金属浓度的调节程度是随后植株表现的一个非常可靠的指标。锌的吸收可调节到200nmoL水溶锌g(-1)干土，而不超过7mmolzng(-1)干叶组织，支持锌抗性生态型具有高调节潜力的假说。一旦超过一定的生态型特异性阈值，所有植物组织中的锌浓度都会急剧增加。根和地上部的铜浓度没有阈值，且随土壤铜浓度的增加呈近乎线性增加的趋势。镉、锰和铅也表现出类似的行为。种子中金属含量最低，但随土壤中铁、锌浓度的增加呈线性增加。从症状上看，黄化程度与锌的浓度呈正相关，与铜的浓度无关，与铁的有效性相关。叶片中较高的氰化物浓度并不意味着重金属过剩，而是磷的缺乏和氮的较小程度的缺乏。在富铜土壤上生长的植物叶片中只有少量的植物螯合素(PC)存在，但营养前期的PCs含量与生殖生长期的营养生物量和种子生物量没有相关性。因此，与幼苗的金属浓度相比，在整个生命周期中，PCs是一个不太可靠的金属毒害指标。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
Plants of an ecotype of Silene vulgaris (Caryophyllaceae) originating from a Cd-Pb-Zn mine at Plombiere (Belgium) were grown on 15 polymetallic soils for a full life-cycle to investigate physiological responses which can help explain previously reported disorders in plants. The degree of regulation of the metal concentration in the young seedlings was a very reliable indicator of the subsequent plant performance. Uptake of Zn could be regulated up to 200 nmol water-soluble Zn g(-1) dry soil without surpassing 7 mu mol Zn g(-1) dry leaf tissue supporting the hypothesis of a high regulating potential of Zn-resistant ecotypes. As soon as a certain ecotype-specific threshold was surpassed the Zn concentration in all plant tissues strongly increased. The Cu concentration in roots and shoots had no threshold and showed the tendency to increase near linearly with the external Cu soil concentration. Similar behaviours were found for Cd, Mn and Pb. The metal concentration of seeds was the lowest of all plant parts: nevertheless it increased linearly with increasing concentration of Fe and Zn in the soil. From visible symptoms the degree of chlorosis was positively related with the concentration of Zn, but not with that of Cu, and interrelated with Fe availability. High cyanidin concentrations in leaves were not indicating a surplus of heavy metals, but deficiency in phosphorus and to a lesser degree in nitrogen. Phytochelatins (PCs) were only present in measurable amounts in leaves of plants grown on soils rich in Cu; but PCs amounts in the early vegetative phase could not be related to Vegetative and seed biomass at the reproductive stage. Therefore, it is concluded that PCs are a less reliable indicator of metal toxicity during a full life-cycle than the metal concentration of young seedlings. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.