Reforming welfare states and changing capitalism : reversing early retirement regimes in Europe
Reforming welfare states and changing capitalism : reversing early retirement regimes in Europe
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改革福利国家和改变资本主义：扭转欧洲的提前退休制度
DOI：
10.1057/9781137427083_5
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hofäcker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebbinghaus;Hofäcker
自20世纪70年代大规模失业开始以来，提前退出工作一直是一个主要趋势，而扭转提前退休的做法已经列入福利国家改革的议程约20年。最突出的是，欧洲联盟（欧盟）制定了里斯本2010年目标，以提高老年工人（55-64岁）的就业率（50%以上）。然而，只有一些欧盟国家能够实现这一目标，因为提前退休已经根深蒂固。提前退休现象的增加和随后的持续存在被视为社会权利扩大的结果以及对经济发展的反应;这些通常被解释为“拉”与“推”因素。
Early exit from work has been a major trend since the onset of mass unemployment during the 1970s, whereas the reversal of early retirement has been on the agenda of welfare state reform for about two decades. Most prominently, the European Union (EU) set the Lisbon 2010 target to achieve higher employment rates (above 50 per cent) among older workers (aged 55–64). However, only some EU countries were able to meet this goal since early retirement has become deeply entrenched. The rise and subsequent persistence of early retirement has been seen as a consequence of the expansion of social rights as well as a reaction to economic developments; these are commonly interpreted as ‘pull’ versus ‘push’ factors.