Good Intentions, Bad Outcomes: Social Policy, Informality, and Economic Growth in Mexico
Good Intentions, Bad Outcomes: Social Policy, Informality, and Economic Growth in Mexico
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DOI：
10.5860/choice.46-2199
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发表时间：
2008-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Levy
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Levy
尽管采取了各种改革措施，墨西哥经济仍保持稳定，但增长缓慢。如今，超过一半的墨西哥工人从事非正规就业，四分之一的人是穷人。 《善意，坏结果》认为，不连贯的社会计划在很大程度上导致了这种状况，并建议进行改革以改善这种情况。在过去的十年中，墨西哥投入了越来越多的资源来补贴低生产率、非正规就业岗位的创造。这些社会计划阻碍了经济增长，助长了非法行为，并为工人提供了不稳定的保护，使许多人陷入贫困。非正规化使墨西哥陷入了两难境地：为非正规工人提供福利，但代价是增长放缓和生产率下降，或者让数百万工人得不到福利。前财政官员圣地亚哥·利维提出如何将现有的正式工人社会保障体系转变为普遍的社会权利。他主张取消基于工资的社会保障缴款，并提高高收入家庭的消费税，以同时提高GDP增长率、减少不平等并改善工人的福利。 《善意坏结果》考虑了墨西哥是否可以在 Progresa-Oportunidades 的成功基础上再接再厉，这是一项源自墨西哥的定向扶贫计划，已在超过 25 个国家以及纽约市推广。它提出了一项改革社会和经济政策的计划，这是墨西哥更加公平和可持续发展战略的重要组成部分。
Despite various reform efforts, Mexico has experienced economic stability but little growth. Today more than half of all Mexican workers are employed informally, and one out of every four is poor. Good Intentions, Bad Outcomes argues that incoherent social programs significantly contribute to this state of affairs and it suggests reforms to improve the situation. Over the past decade, Mexico has channeled an increasing number of resources into subsidizing the creation of low-productivity, informal jobs. These social programs have hampered growth, fostered illegality, and provided erratic protection to workers, trapping many in poverty. Informality has boxed Mexico into a dilemma: provide benefits to informal workers at the expense of lower growth and reduced productivity or leave millions of workers without benefits. Former finance official Santiago Levy proposes how to convert the existing system of social security for formal workers into universal social entitlements. He advocates eliminating wage-based social security contributions and raising consumption taxes on higher-income households to simultaneously increase the rate of growth of GDP, reduce inequality, and improve benefits for workers. Good Intentions , Bad Outcomes c onsiders whether Mexico can build on the success of Progresa-Oportunidades, a targeted poverty alleviation program that originated in Mexico and has been replicated in over 25 countries as well as in New York City. It sets forth a plan to reform social and economic policy, an essential element of a more equitable and sustainable development strategy for Mexico.