Public Health Risks of Enterobacterial Isolates Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases or AmpC β-Lactamases in Food and Food-Producing Animals: An EU Perspective of Epidemiology, Analytical Methods, Risk Factors, and Control Options
Public Health Risks of Enterobacterial Isolates Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases or AmpC β-Lactamases in Food and Food-Producing Animals: An EU Perspective of Epidemiology, Analytical Methods, Risk Factors, and Control Options
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/cis1043
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Threlfall, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liebana, Ernesto;Carattoli, Alessandra;Threlfall, John
肠杆菌科中的bla（ESBL）和bla（AmpC）基因通过质粒介导的整合子、插入序列和转座子传播，其中一些在来自食用动物、食物和人类的细菌中是同源的。这些基因经常在来自食用动物的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌中被鉴定，最常见的是bla（CTX-M-1）、bla（CTX-M-14）和bla（CMY-2）。确定食用动物出现这些问题的风险因素是复杂的。除了通用抗菌药物的使用，头孢菌素的使用是这些基因选择和传播的一个重要风险因素。广泛的国际动物贸易是另一个危险因素。没有数据表明个别控制方案在减少公共卫生风险方面的有效性。一个非常有效的选择是停止或限制头孢菌素在食用动物中的使用。减少抗菌药物的总使用量也是高度优先事项。实施限制菌株传播的措施（加强农场生物安全、动物贸易控制和其他一般收获后控制）也很重要。
The bla(ESBL) and bla(AmpC) genes in Enterobacteriaceae are spread by plasmid-mediated integrons, insertion sequences, and transposons, some of which are homologous in bacteria from food animals, foods, and humans. These genes have been frequently identified in Escherichia coli and Salmonella from food animals, the most common being bla(CTX-M-1), bla(CTX-M-14), and bla(CMY-2). Identification of risk factors for their occurrence in food animals is complex. In addition to generic antimicrobial use, cephalosporin usage is an important risk factor for selection and spread of these genes. Extensive international trade of animals is a further risk factor. There are no data on the effectiveness of individual control options in reducing public health risks. A highly effective option would be to stop or restrict cephalosporin usage in food animals. Decreasing total antimicrobial use is also of high priority. Implementation of measures to limit strain dissemination (increasing farm biosecurity, controls in animal trade, and other general postharvest controls) are also important.