Developing a Personal Protective Equipment Selection Matrix for Preventing Occupational Exposure to Ebola Virus
Developing a Personal Protective Equipment Selection Matrix for Preventing Occupational Exposure to Ebola Virus
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DOI：
10.1089/hs.2019.0014
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Edens, Amanda L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Christopher K.;Matthews, Denise L.;Edens, Amanda L.
为了应对2014年西非埃博拉疫情以及由此在美国引发的病例，职业安全与健康管理局制定了一个个人防护设备选择矩阵，以帮助雇主在美国出现更多病例时保护工人免受埃博拉病毒的感染。现在，有记录以来世界第二大埃博拉疫情在刚果民主共和国继续扩大，70多名埃博拉感染的医护人员提醒人们，采取强有力的感染预防措施，防止传染病应对者成为受害者。为了促进与正在进行或未来的疫情相关的病例的准备，本文讨论了个人防护设备的建议矩阵。该矩阵适用于卫生保健、实验室、废物处理、清洁服务、旅行和运输以及工人在疫情期间可能接触埃博拉病毒的其他部门的各种工作任务。对信息来源和编制汇总表的决策过程的讨论构成了各项建议的基础。然后，文章强调了制定矩阵的挑战和考虑因素，包括确定信息来源，以帮助描述职业暴露，调整不同观点的利益攸关方之间的建议，以及平衡工人保护与可行性问题。这些考虑凸显了在美国未来出现埃博拉或其他新出现的传染病病例之前，与准备工作仍然相关的问题。
In response to the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa and resulting cases in the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration developed a personal protective equipment selection matrix to help employers protect workers from exposure to Ebola virus in the event of additional US cases. Now, the world's second largest Ebola outbreak on record continues to expand in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where more than 70 Ebola-infected healthcare workers serve as reminders of the importance of robust infection prevention measures in keeping infectious disease responders from becoming victims themselves. Toward facilitating preparedness for cases associated with the ongoing or future outbreaks, this article discusses the matrix of personal protective equipment recommendations. The matrix applies to a variety of job tasks in health care, laboratories, waste handling, janitorial services, travel and transportation, and other sectors where workers may be exposed to the Ebola virus during outbreak events. A discussion of the information sources and decision-making process for developing the matrix forms the basis of the recommendations. The article then emphasizes challenges and considerations for formulating the matrix, including identifying information sources to help characterize occupational exposures, aligning recommendations among stakeholders with varying viewpoints, and balancing worker protections with feasibility concerns. These considerations highlight issues that remain relevant for preparedness efforts ahead of future US cases of Ebola or other emerging infectious diseases.