Residual impacts of a wildland urban interface fire on urban particulate matter and dust: a study from the Marshall Fire
Residual impacts of a wildland urban interface fire on urban particulate matter and dust: a study from the Marshall Fire
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DOI：
10.1007/s11869-023-01376-3
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发表时间：
2023-05-20
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Hannigan，Michael P. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Silberstein，Jonathan M. M.;Mael，Liora E. E.;Hannigan，Michael P. P.
野火沿着荒地城市界面（WUI）对大气颗粒物浓度和组成的影响是一个未充分研究的空气污染暴露源。评估2021年马歇尔大火的剩余影响（科罗拉多），一场主要烧毁房屋和其他人造材料的野火，在火灾周边逃离火灾的房屋上，我们对细颗粒物进行了组合PM2.5过滤器采样及化学分析，室内粉尘采集及化学分析，社区尺度PurpleAir PM2.5分析，和室内颗粒数浓度测量。火灾发生后，在燃烧区受烟雾影响的房屋中收集的灰尘的化学形态显示生物质燃烧标志物左旋葡聚糖的浓度升高（中位数= 4147 ng g−1），EPA优先有毒多环芳烃（中位数Σ 16 PAH = 1859.3 ng g-1）和金属（中位数Σ 20 Metals = 34.6 mg g-1）与火灾发生6个月后在烧伤区以外的房屋中收集的样本相比。由于室内尘埃粒子经常重新悬浮，并可能成为空气中，灰尘样本中有害金属和有机物的浓度增加，可能对人类健康构成威胁。室内空气中的颗粒有机碳（中位数= 1.91 μg m−3）、颗粒元素碳（中位数= 0.02 μg m−3）和PM2.5中的定量半挥发性有机物的浓度与美国城市地区的环境空气相当。在紧邻燃烧区域的一个装有大量仪器的超级住宅中进行的颗粒数量和尺寸分布分析显示，在各种尺寸的PM（12 nm-20 μm）中，室内颗粒物浓度较低（低于10 μg m−3），但由于人类活动（包括清洁）的再悬浮而升高。
The impacts of wildfires along the wildland urban interface (WUI) on atmospheric particulate concentrations and composition are an understudied source of air pollution exposure. To assess the residual impacts of the 2021 Marshall Fire (Colorado), a wildfire that predominantly burned homes and other human-made materials, on homes within the fire perimeter that escaped the fire, we performed a combination of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) filter sampling and chemical analysis, indoor dust collection and chemical analysis, community scale PurpleAir PM2.5analysis, and indoor particle number concentration measurements. Following the fire, the chemical speciation of dust collected in smoke-affected homes in the burned zone showed elevated concentrations of the biomass burning marker levoglucosan (medianlevo= 4147 ng g−1), EPA priority toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (median Σ16PAH = 1859.3 ng g−1), and metals (median Σ20Metals = 34.6 mg g−1) when compared to samples collected in homes outside of the burn zone 6 months after the fire. As indoor dust particles are often resuspended and can become airborne, the enhanced concentration of hazardous metals and organics within dust samples may pose a threat to human health. Indoor airborne particulate organic carbon (median = 1.91 μg m−3), particulate elemental carbon (median = .02 μg m−3), and quantified semi-volatile organic species in PM2.5were found in concentrations comparable to ambient air in urban areas across the USA. Particle number and size distribution analysis at a heavily instrumented supersite home located immediately next to the burned area showed indoor particulates in low concentrations (below 10 μg m−3) across various sizes of PM (12 nm–20 μm), but were elevated by resuspension from human activity, including cleaning.Graphical Abstract