A comparison of the relationships of education and income with mortality: the national longitudinal mortality study
A comparison of the relationships of education and income with mortality: the national longitudinal mortality study
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(99)00209-9
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Johnson, NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Backlund, E;Sorlie, PD;Johnson, NJ
来自国家纵向死亡率研究（NLMS）的样本超过40万，年龄在25-64岁之间，这是一项代表美国非机构人口的队列研究，在1979年至1989年期间对死亡率进行了跟踪调查，以比较和对比教育和收入与死亡率之间关系的功能形式。研究结果表明，这两个变量的函数形式都是非线性的。对于男性（p < 0.0001，缺乏拟合）和女性（p = 0.006，缺乏拟合），三分法（以高中以下外交官为代表，具有高中或以上学历，但没有大学文凭，或具有大学文凭或以上学历）比简单的线性函数更好地描述教育。在描述收入和死亡率之间的关系时，对于男性（p < 0.0001，缺乏拟合）和女性（p = 0.0005，缺乏拟合），双斜函数的拟合效果明显好于线性函数，其中收入低于22500美元时，与收入高于22500美元时相比，与收入增加1000美元相关的死亡率下降要大得多。这两种功能形式的不同形状意味着，在社会经济连续体的低端，死亡率的差异可能主要是收入的函数，但在高端，主要是教育的函数。Elsevier Science Ltd.出版。
A sample of over 400.000 men and women, ages 25-64, from the National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS), a cohort study representative of the noninstitutionalized US population, was followed for mortality between the years of 1979 and 1989 in order to compare and contrast the functional forms of the relationships of education and income with mortality. Results from the study suggest that functional forms for both variables are nonlinear. Education is described significantly better by a trichotomy (represented by less than a high school diplomat a high school diploma or greater but no college diploma, or a college diploma or greater) than by a simple linear function for both men (p < 0.0001 for lack of fit) and women (p = 0.006 for lack of fit). For describing the association between income and mortality, a two-sloped function, where the decrease in mortality associated with a US$1000 increase in income is much greater at incomes below US$22,500 than at incomes above US$22,500, fits significantly better than a linear function for both men (p < 0.0001 for lack of fit) and women (p = 0.0005 for lack of fit). The different shapes for the two functional forms imply that differences in mortality may primarily be a function of income at the low end of the socioeconomic continuum, but primarily a function of education at the high end. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.