Deviant drinking as disease: Alcoholism as a social accomplishment.
Deviant drinking as disease: Alcoholism as a social accomplishment.
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作为疾病的异常饮酒：酗酒作为一种社会成就。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Joseph Schneider
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joseph Schneider
本文简要介绍了这种主张的社会历史，即某些形式的异常饮酒行为应该被定义为疾病，其作者应该接受医疗治疗，而不是道德上的蔑视和惩罚。它提供了一个将异常行为医学化的案例。因此，令人关注的是这种说法的可行性，而不是有效性。回顾了近两百年来反复和破坏性酒精中毒的医学化历史。20世纪世纪的“成功”的疾病概念与三个发展有关：科学的耶鲁酒精研究中心，匿名酗酒者和Jellinek公式。美国医学协会的象征性认可被视为这些发展的产物，而不是原因。我的结论是，酒精中毒的疾病概念最好被理解为一种社会和政治成就，而不是医学科学的成就。
This paper presents a brief social history of the claim (hat certain forms of deviant drinking behavior should be defined as disease, and that their authors ought to receive medical treatment rather than moral scorn and punishment. It provides a case example of the medicalization of deviant behavior. The concern is then with the viability rather than the validity of this claim. The almost two hundred year history of the medicalization of repeated and disruptive alcohol intoxication is reviewed. The twentieth century “success” of the disease concept is linked to three developments: the scientific Yale Center on alcohol Studies, Alcoholics Anonymous, and the Jellinek formulation. The symbolic endorsement by the American Medical Association is seen as a product rather than a cause of these developments. I concluded that rather than an achievement of medical science, the disease concept of alcoholism is understood best as a social and political accomplishment.