Measuring Spatial Perspective Taking: Analysis of Four Measures Using Item Response Theory
Measuring Spatial Perspective Taking: Analysis of Four Measures Using Item Response Theory
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/tops.12597
复制
发表时间：
2022-01-15
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Newcombe, Nora S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brucato, Maria;Frick, Andrea;Newcombe, Nora S.
空间思维的研究需要对各种组成技能的个体差异进行可靠和有效的测量。空间透视能力（PT）是一种空间技能，与导航特别相关。这项研究有两个目标。首先，对四大山任务（FMT）、空间定向任务（SOT）、成人换位思考任务（PTT-A）和摄影换位思考任务（PPTT）四项PT测试的心理测量特性进行了研究。运用项目反应理论（IRT）对项目信息功能的难度、可辨别性和效率进行评价。其次，评估PT得分与一般智力、工作记忆和心理旋转（MR）的关系。除FMT外，其余任务均具有良好的构念效度。PPTT利用了广泛的PT能力，在平均能力下具有最大的测量精度。PTT-A捕获的能力范围较低。尽管SOT提供的测量信息比其他任务少，但它在广泛的PT能力范围内表现良好。在控制了一般智力和工作记忆后，原始版和改进版的PT任务都与MR相关，PTT-A和PPTT在MR上的发散效度高于SOT。维度测试表明，PT任务共享一个共同的PT维度，次要任务特定因素也影响个体绩效差异的测量。讨论了包括跨任务项目组合的混合PT测试的优点和缺点。
Research on spatial thinking requires reliable and valid measures of individual differences in various component skills. Spatial perspective taking (PT)-the ability to represent viewpoints different from one's own-is one kind of spatial skill that is especially relevant to navigation. This study had two goals. First, the psychometric properties of four PT tests were examined: Four Mountains Task (FMT), Spatial Orientation Task (SOT), Perspective-Taking Task for Adults (PTT-A), and Photographic Perspective-Taking Task (PPTT). Using item response theory (IRT), item difficulty, discriminability, and efficiency of item information functions were evaluated. Second, the relation of PT scores to general intelligence, working memory, and mental rotation (MR) was assessed. All tasks showed good construct validity except for FMT. PPTT tapped a wide range of PT ability, with maximum measurement precision at average ability. PTT-A captured a lower range of ability. Although SOT contributed less measurement information than other tasks, it did well across a wide range of PT ability. After controlling for general intelligence and working memory, original and IRT-refined versions of PT tasks were each related to MR. PTT-A and PPTT showed relatively more divergent validity from MR than SOT. Tests of dimensionality indicated that PT tasks share one common PT dimension, with secondary task-specific factors also impacting the measurement of individual differences in performance. Advantages and disadvantages of a hybrid PT test that includes a combination of items across tasks are discussed.