Integrating a comprehensive DNA barcode reference library with a global map of yews (Taxus L.) for forensic identification
Integrating a comprehensive DNA barcode reference library with a global map of yews (Taxus L.) for forensic identification
复制标题
将全面的 DNA 条形码参考库与红豆杉 (Taxus L.) 全球地图相集成，以进行法医鉴定
DOI：
10.1111/1755-0998.12903
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Gao, Lian-Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Jie;Milne, Richard I.;Gao, Lian-Ming
快速准确地识别濒危物种是生物监测和保护管理的重要组成部分，并可能对非法贸易进行监管。然而，这通常是不可能使用传统的分类，特别是在只有小的或预处理的植物部分。通过全面的DNA条形码参考库以及精确的分布数据可以实现可靠的鉴定。然而，这需要在空间和分类尺度上进行广泛的采样，而这对于世界性的分类群来说是很难实现的。在这里，我们构建了一个全面的DNA条形码参考库，并使用物种分布模型（SDM）生成分布图，为全球所有15种红豆杉。我们发现，trnL-trnF是红豆杉的理想条形码：它可以区分所有的红豆杉物种，并结合ITS鉴定杂种。在所测试的五种分析方法中，NJ是最有效的。在4,151个个体中检测到73个单倍型，所有的物种特异性和一些人口私人。分类学，地理和遗传方面的采样策略都被发现影响所产生的DNA条形码库的全面性。SDM图谱显示，除T.分布于中国-喜马拉雅地区。使用条形码库和分布图数据，两个未知的法医样品被鉴定为物种（在一种情况下，种群）水平，另一个被确定为推定的种间杂种。该系统可用于红豆杉的生物监测、保护管理以及非法贸易的监测和起诉。类似的识别系统被推荐用于其他IUCN和CITES列出的分类群。
Rapid and accurate identification of endangered species is a critical component of biosurveillance and conservation management, and potentially policing illegal trades. However, this is often not possible using traditional taxonomy, especially where only small or preprocessed parts of plants are available. Reliable identification can be achieved via a comprehensive DNA barcode reference library, accompanied by precise distribution data. However, these require extensive sampling at spatial and taxonomic scales, which has rarely been achieved for cosmopolitan taxa. Here, we construct a comprehensive DNA barcode reference library and generate distribution maps using species distribution modelling (SDM), for all 15 Taxus species worldwide. We find that trnL-trnF is the ideal barcode for Taxus: It can distinguish all Taxus species and in combination with ITS identify hybrids. Among five analysis methods tested, NJ was the most effective. Among 4,151 individuals screened for trnL-trnF, 73 haplotypes were detected, all species-specific and some population private. Taxonomical, geographical and genetic dimensions of sampling strategy were all found to affect the comprehensiveness of the resulting DNA barcode library. Maps from SDM showed that most species had allopatric distributions, except T. mairei in the Sino-Himalayan region. Using the barcode library and distribution map data, two unknown forensic samples were identified to species (and in one case, population) level and another was determined as a putative interspecific hybrid. This integrated species identification system for Taxus can be used for biosurveillance, conservation management and to monitor and prosecute illegal trade. Similar identification systems are recommended for other IUCN- and CITES-listed taxa.