Temporal contiguity in incidentally encoded memories
Temporal contiguity in incidentally encoded memories
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2018.04.003
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Healey, M. Karl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Healey, M. Karl
对一件事的思考通常会引发对附近经历过的其他事件的回忆。这种时间连续效应在实验室列表学习任务中被广泛记录，但其来源存在争议。这是由于每当新记忆形成时就会运行的任务一般自动过程吗？还是由于特定任务的编码策略只在故意死记硬背的学习过程中起作用？我对这些理论进行了测试，在完成各种附带的编码任务后，对3500多名受试者进行了无意外回忆测试。实验1和实验2表明，附带编码显著降低了时间连续性。实验3和实验4表明，在自由回忆和序列回忆过程中，时间信息被随机编码并用于指导记忆搜索，但这一效应并未消除。这些结果表明，连续性不是策略的产物，但效果的急剧减少也挑战了假设成功的记忆编码与连续性之间存在紧密联系的模型。
Thinking of one event often triggers recall of other events experienced nearby in time. This Temporal Contiguity Effect has been extensively documented in laboratory list learning tasks, but its source is debated. Is it due to task-general automatic processes that operate whenever new memories are formed? Or is it due to task-specific encoding strategies that operate only during deliberate rote learning? I test these theories by presenting over 3500 subjects with a surprise free recall test after various incidental encoding tasks. Experiments 1 and 2 show that temporal contiguity is dramatically reduced under incidental encoding. Experiments 3 and 4 show that although the effect is reduced, it is not eliminated temporal information is encoded incidentally and is used to guide memory search during both free recall and serial recall. These results demonstrate that contiguity is not an artifact of strategy, but the dramatic reduction of the effect also challenges models that posit a strong link between successful memory encoding and contiguity.