Age of the incubating parents affects nestling survival: an experimental study of the herring gull Larus argentatus
Age of the incubating parents affects nestling survival: an experimental study of the herring gull Larus argentatus
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孵化父母的年龄影响雏鸟的存活：银鸥 Larus argentatus 的实验研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Monaghan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Bogdanova;R. Nager;P. Monaghan
鸟类父母提供的环境质量将对父母和后代的健康产生影响。虽然鸟类繁殖的许多组成部分似乎随着父母年龄的变化而变化，但年龄对孵化的影响迄今在很大程度上被忽视了。在这项研究中，我们测试了年轻的银鸥是否提供了与成熟的银鸥不同的孵化环境，以及这是否会对后代的表现产生影响。使用交叉饲养方案对产蛋和饲养条件进行标准化。在年轻父母的巢穴中，蛋的捕食率往往更高。然而，巢位、巢结构和孵育期间的蛋温不随父母年龄的变化而变化。总体而言，雏鸟的孵化时间比成熟鸟短，这反映了前者的产卵日期较晚，因为孵化时间在整个季节普遍减少。然而，由年轻父母孵化的雄性蛋的孵化期比预测的产卵日期要长。相比之下，雏鸟孵化的雌鸟蛋，以及成年鸟孵化的雄鸟和雌鸟蛋的孵化长度在任何给定的产卵日期都没有偏离预期。尽管在标准化的有利条件下（由成熟的父母单独抚养），由年轻父母孵化的后代的存活率要比由成熟父母孵化的后代低得多。这是由于由年轻父母孵化的雌鸟死亡率增加。雏鸟和成年鸟孵育的雏鸟在体重、大小、生长和身体状况方面没有差别。本研究的结果表明，父母年龄可以通过孵化环境的变化影响后代的表现，并且雌性比雄性更容易受到胚胎发育过程中经历的条件的影响。
The quality of conditions provided by avian parents will have consequences for both parental and offspring fitness. While many components of avian reproduction appear to vary with parental age, the effect of age on incubation has largely been ignored so far. In this study, we tested whether young herring gulls provide a different incubation environment from mature ones and whether this has consequences for offspring performance. Laying and rearing conditions were standardised using a cross-fostering protocol. Egg predation rates tended to be higher in the nests of young parents. However, nest site, nest construction and egg temperature during incubation did not vary with parental age. Overall, the duration of incubation was shorter in young compared to mature birds and this reflected the later laying date of the former, since incubation duration generally decreased across the season. However, male eggs incubated by young parents had longer incubation periods than predicted for their laying dates. In contrast, incubation length of female eggs incubated by young pairs, and of male and female eggs incubated by mature birds did not deviate from the expected for any given laying date. Offspring that had been incubated by young parents had considerably poorer survival than those incubated by mature pairs, despite being reared under standardized, favourable conditions (singly, by mature parents). This was due to increased mortality among female chicks that had been incubated by young parents. The chicks incubated as eggs by young and mature birds, which survived until fledging, did not differ in body mass and size growth, or body condition. The results of this study demonstrate that parental age can influence offspring performance via variation in incubation environment, and that females are more susceptible than males to conditions experienced during embryonic development.
父母照顾的演变
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199692576.003.0016
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Kölliker M
通讯作者：
Kölliker M