Basin-Scale Observations of Monoterpenes in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans.
Basin-Scale Observations of Monoterpenes in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.7b02240
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
S. Hackenberg;S. Andrews;R. Airs;S. Arnold;H. Bouman;D. Cummings;A. Lewis;J. Minaeian;K. M. Reifel;A. Small;G. Tarran;G. Tilstone;L. Carpenter
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作者：
S. Hackenberg;S. Andrews;R. Airs;S. Arnold;H. Bouman;D. Cummings;A. Lewis;J. Minaeian;K. M. Reifel;A. Small;G. Tarran;G. Tilstone;L. Carpenter
我们报告了在北极和大西洋的三次巡航中，在一般贫营养沃茨中/上空，对海水和空气中单萜（α-和β-蒎烯，月桂烯，δ3-<$烯，罗勒烯，柠檬烯）的原位形态观察。各单萜在海洋中的浓度范围从低于检测限的<1皮摩尔/升到5皮摩尔/升不等，平均浓度在0.5皮摩尔/升到2.9皮摩尔/升之间。在仔细过滤污染物后，大气混合比从低于检测限（<1 pptv）到5 pptv不等，平均值为0.05-5 pptv;这些水平比以前报告的水平低两个数量级。这可能至少部分是由于在生物活性比以往研究低得多的沃茨取样。与以前的研究不同，没有发现单萜与生物变量的明确关系。根据我们测量的海水浓度和全球模型模拟，我们估计全球海洋单萜排放总量为0.16 Tg C yr-1，类似于先前基于实验室单一栽培研究的自下而上的估计，但比先前自上而下的估计29.5 Tg C yr-1低2个数量级。
We report novel in situ speciated observations of monoterpenes (α- and β-pinene, myrcene, δ3-carene, ocimene, limonene) in seawater and air during three cruises in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, in/over generally oligotrophic waters. Oceanic concentrations of the individual monoterpenes ranged from below the detection limit of <1 pmol L-1 to 5 pmol L-1, with average concentrations of between 0.5 and 2.9 pmol L-1. After careful filtering for contamination, atmospheric mixing ratios varied from below the detection limit (<1 pptv) to 5 pptv, with averages of 0.05-5 pptv; these levels are up to 2 orders of magnitude lower than those reported previously. This could be at least partly due to sampling over waters with much lower biological activity than in previous studies. Unlike in previous studies, no clear relationships of the monoterpenes with biological variables were found. Based on our measured seawater concentrations and a global model simulation, we estimate total global marine monoterpene emissions of 0.16 Tg C yr-1, similar to a previous bottom-up estimate based on laboratory monoculture studies but 2 orders of magnitude lower than a previous top-down estimate of 29.5 Tg C yr-1.