Novel Application of Anomalous (Resonance) X-ray Scattering for Structural Characterization of Disordered Materials
Novel Application of Anomalous (Resonance) X-ray Scattering for Structural Characterization of Disordered Materials
复制标题
反常（共振）X 射线散射在无序材料结构表征中的新应用
DOI：
10.1007/bfb0025745
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Waseda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Waseda
反常x=射线散射早已为人所知，大量的实验和理论工作都致力于理解反常(共振)散射现象及其在各种材料结构测定中的应用。在过去的十年中，尽管定量信息经常被保留地接受，但由于实验上的困难，这一研究已经取得了重大进展。然而，反常X射线散射最近引起了人们的极大关注，因为在这项技术中使用同步辐射作为X射线源可能会减少常规X射线源所不能解决的实验困难。因此，反常X射线散射在不久的将来应该成为确定各种材料精细结构的最可靠和最有力的工具之一，它在无序材料结构研究中的潜在应用现在已经得到了广泛的认可。这一章的主要目的是介绍一些最近用反常X射线散射技术表征结构的实验结果，包括目前存在的问题和该技术在无序材料结构研究中的新应用的未来方向。这些主题不仅包括液体和无定形固体，而且还包括固体快离子导体，因为它们的离子输运性质意味着某些固体快离子导体中的阳离子处于类液体无序状态，尽管它们宏观上仍然处于典型的固体状态。如后面所示，反常的x射线散射为这些问题提供了一个直接的答案。
The anomalous x= ray scattering has been known for a long time and a large amount of both experimental and theoretical effort has been devoted to the understanding of the anomalous (resonance} scattering phenomena and its application to the structural determination of various materials. In the last ten years, significant progress has been made, although the quantitative information is often accepted with some reservation, mainly due to the experimental difficulties. Nevertheless, the anomalous x-ray scattering has recently drawn a great deal of attention, because the use of the synchrotron radiation as an x-ray source in this technique is likely to reduce the experimental difficulties un-solved by a conventional x-ray source. Thus the anomalous x-ray scattering should become, in the near future, one of the most reliable and powerful tools for determining the fine structure of various materials and its potential application to the structural study of disordered materials is now well-recognized. The main purpose of this chapter is to present some selected recent experimental results on the structural characterization by the anomalous x-ray scattering technique including present problems and future directions on the novel application of this technique for structural study of disordered materials. These topics include not only liquids and amorphous solids but also solid fast ion cunductors because their ionic transport properties imply that the cations in some solid fast ion conductors are in the liquid-like disordered state, although they are macroscopically still in the typical solid state. As shown later, the anomalous x-ray scattering provides a straightforward answer on such questions.