Lifetime changes of the oocyte pool: Contributing factors with a focus on ovulatory inflammation.
Lifetime changes of the oocyte pool: Contributing factors with a focus on ovulatory inflammation.
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DOI：
10.5653/cerm.2021.04917
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ko C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park CJ;Oh JE;Feng J;Cho YM;Qiao H;Ko C
在哺乳动物物种中，雌性出生时卵母细胞的数量超过它们通过排卵释放的数量。在人类中，一个普通女孩出生时的卵母细胞比她一生中排卵的卵母细胞多一千倍。新生女性卵巢中卵母细胞数量过多的原因目前尚不清楚。然而，众所周知，卵母细胞的数量在整个生命周期中都会减少，直到卵巢失去所有卵母细胞。在这篇综述中，使用过去80年发表的数据来评估目前关于人类和小鼠卵母细胞数量变化的知识，以及导致卵母细胞数量下降的报告因素。简而言之，集体估计表明，平均每个女孩出生时约有600，000个卵母细胞，这是她一生中将排卵的卵母细胞数量的2，000倍。卵母细胞数量在出生后立即开始减少，到青春期时减少到最初数量的一半，到50岁时几乎为零。卵巢的多种内在或外在因素导致卵母细胞数量下降。由排卵性促黄体生成激素激增引起的炎症被认为是生殖寿命期间卵母细胞池下降的潜在因素。
In mammalian species, females are born with a number of oocytes exceeding what they release via ovulation. In humans, an average girl is born with over a thousand times more oocytes than she will ovulate in her lifetime. The reason for having such an excessive number of oocytes in a neonatal female ovary is currently unknown. However, it is well established that the oocyte number decreases throughout the entire lifetime until the ovary loses them all. In this review, data published in the past 80 years were used to assess the current knowledge regarding the changing number of oocytes in humans and mice, as well as the reported factors that contribute to the decline of oocyte numbers. Briefly, a collective estimation indicates that an average girl is born with approximately 600,000 oocytes, which is 2,000 times more than the number of oocytes that she will ovulate in her lifetime. The oocyte number begins to decrease immediately after birth and is reduced to half of the initial number by puberty and almost zero by age 50 years. Multiple factors that are either intrinsic or extrinsic to the ovary contribute to the decline of the oocyte number. The inflammation caused by the ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge is discussed as a potential contributing factor to the decline of the oocyte pool during the reproductive lifespan.